Introduction to Major Field Crops

Plant Protection

Insect Pests

1. Termites: Termites infest upland rice and can be effectively controlled by seed treatment with Chlorpyriphos @ 0.5 kg/100 kg seed.
2. GundhyBug: Spray the crop with Monocrotophos orChloropyriphos @ 0.5 kg a.i./hain the forenoon hours.
3. Mealy Bug:SprayPhophamidon or Malathion at0.1 per cent.
4. Stem Borer and Gall Midge: Stem borer attack results in dead hearts. Root dipping prior to transplanting in 0.02 per centChlorpyrifos for 12 hours or 0.02 per centChlorpyriphos + 1.0 per cent Urea for threehours will control up to 30 days. Soil incorporation of Carbofuran orPhorate orQuinolphos@ 1.0kg a.i./hagivesgood control in vegetative stage. At heading stage,two rounds of foliar sprays of Quinalphos or Chlorpyriphos or Phosphamidon@ 0.5 kg a.i./ha.
5. Green Leaf Hopper: Foliar spray withPhosphamidon, Monocrotophos, Carbaryl@ 0.5kg a.i./ha.
6. Cut Worm: Spray Chlorpyrifos, Quinalfos, Methyl parathion and Endosulfan@ 0.4kg a.i./haat dough stage.
7. Case Worm, Leaf Folder, Hoppers and Whorl Maggot: Spray Quinalfos, Endosulfan, Chlorpyriphos @ 0.5kg a.i./ha.
8. Brown Plant Hopper (BPH): Spray Carbaryl 0.75 kg a.i./ha or Carbofuran @ 0.75 kg a.i./ha or apply Phorate granules @ 1.25 kga.i./ha.






Fig: Brown plant hopper.

Diseases
Blast:Adopt seed dressing with Carbendazim (Bavistin)@4g/kg of seeds.Spray the Carbendazim @ 0.1 per cent.




Fig: Blast disease.
Brown Spot: Deficiency and imbalance of nutrients influences disease intensity.Seed dressing with Indofil M-45 @ 2g/kg seeds and its spray @ 1.25 kg a.i./ha.




Fig: Brown spot disease.

Bacterial Leaf Blight: Reduce nitrogen application and apply nitrogen in split doses.



Fig: Leaf blight disease.