Food Toxicology 2(2+0)

Lesson 15 : Fungal Mycotoxins

Yellow rice toxins

These are mycotoxins produced by penicillia that grow on rice, especially polished rice. The compound affects are on the kidneys and causes tubular damage. The LD 50 of toxin is 20 mg/kg andcauses paralysis of hind limbs and respiratory disorders.

The formation of ochratoxin A by the microflora Aspergillus ochraceus is favored by humid conditions and moderate temperature and can be found in cereals.The mycotoxin has been associated with foods made from grains harvested after heavy rainfall. It can be found in grains, soybeans, peanuts, and cheese. The compound (LD 50 of 20 to 50 mg/kg)and targets the central nervous system.