Effect of Sunlight: Wool becomes weak with prolonged exposure to sunlight. Effect of Mildew: Wool is generally resistant to mildew but if left continuously in damp condition, mildew may develop. Effect of Moths: Wool fabrics are damaged by the larvae of moths as the sulphide linkage present in fibre is highly palatable. However, wool fabrics show resistance to silver fish. Effect of Perspiration: Wool gets damaged if perspiration is left in the fabric as it is vulnerable for damage by alkalies.
Finishes given to wool: Wool fabrics are given the following finishes.
Fulling – To make fabrics more fuller.
Crabbing - To set the cloth and yarn twist permanently.
Decating – To control shrinkage.
London shrinking – superior pre shining treatment given to high grade wool fabrics.
Moth proofing – To improve resistance to moths
Napping – To make a fuzzy surface to improve comfort.
Durable Press – To permanently set the fabric dimensions.
Care of wool fabrics: Wool fabrics can be maintained very well when drycleaned. Wet cleaning should be done carefully as wool is susceptible to shrinkage with uneven temperature, friction and moisture. During laundering, the fibres come closer and interlock with each other making it mat like. This property in wool is sometimes utilized for production of felt fabrics. Interlocking fibres together makes the fabric to shrink and loose shape. Careful handling of the fabric is solicited during laundering and storage. The following should be avoided:
Friction – (only kneading and squeezing to be employed)
Use of alkaline soaps
Use of alkaline reagents
Use of chlorine bleaches
Hanging on clothesline (dyeing on flat surface recommended)
Dyeing in sunlight
Storing damp clothes
Consumer Preference: Wool fabrics are preferred due to the following factors: Wrinkle free fabrics Sensorial comfort (touch) Thermo-physiological comfort (providing warmth by holding water vapour to a large extent) Permanent crease holding property when finished, suitable for suitings. Excellent resiliency – less requirement for ironing. Less soiling property.
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