Special Veterinary Pathology

Parvo viral infections

CANINE PARVO VIRUS INFECTION

• Reported in 1978
• Similar to feline panlepaenia virus
• But does not replicate in cats unlike feline panlepaenia virus

Etiology

• Parvovirus
• Incidence
• Transmission
• Pathogenesis
• Virus had got affinity for rapidly dividing cells

Clinical signs

• Intestinal Form
• Occurs in dogs of all ages > 6 wks
• Vomition, bloody diarrhoea, Dehydration, Fever, Leucopenia
• Microscopically – necrotising enteritis of small intestine
• Intranuclear inclusion bodies in intestinal epithelial cells
• Lymphopenia and neutropenia

Canine parvo viral infection
- Haemorrhagic enteritis

• Cardiac form
• Seen in puppies 2-8 weeks of age – younger dogs
• Enteritis
• Sudden death
• Multiple foci of myocardial necrosis with mononuclear cell infiltrate
• Intranuclear inclusion bodies in muscle fibres
• In neonates necrotising lesions and inclusion bodies in various tissues
• Damage to vascular endothelium cause haemarrhage

Bovine parvo virus

• Isolated from intestinal tract of young calves
• Mucoid to watery diarrhoea in 24-48 hours

Porcine parvo virus

• Causes intrauterine deaths of fetuses, rarely aborted fetuses undergo maceration & mummification and infertility

Diagnosis

• Isolation and Identification of the virus in bovine cell cultures
• Immunofluorescence
• Electron microscopy