Veterinary Andrology and Reproductive Techniques

LIMITATIONS

• Trained personnel are required for semen collection and processing.
• If selection and screening of bulls are not properly carried out genetic inferiority, abnormality and diseases will be transmitted from herd to herd / country to country very quickly.
• Trained personnel are required for detection of oestrus and performing A. I. Otherwise conception will be lowered.
• Risk of inbreeding on large-scale introduction of A.I in a small population. However, this can be overcome by replacing the bulls periodically. Reduces the cost of sires.
• Initial investment on implementation of A.I programme is high.
• Intrauterine insemination of a pregnant female may result in abortion.
• Uncontrolled or unscrupulous operator or owners could substitute sperm of less valuable animals unless blood typing is routinely employed.
• Requires more time than the natural service.
• Necessitates the knowledge of structure and function of reproductive organs by the operator.
• Improper cleaning of instruments and unsanitary conditions during handling may lead to lower fertility.

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