Icronutrient deficiency diseases
CLINICAL NUTRITION
Lesson 1: Clinical Nutrition
Icronutrient deficiency diseases
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These diseases are caused by improper intake of micronutrients that the human body needs in minute amounts so that it can function properly. Although, micronutrients are needed only in small amounts, their deficiency leads to critical health problems. Micronutrients include vitamins and mineral deficiency diseases. Following below is a list of macronutrient and micronutrient deficiency disorders along with clinical signs.
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Signs
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Vitamin A
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- Night Blindness
- Bitots spot
- Conjuctival Xerosis
- Corneal Xerosis
- Corneal Ulcer
- Keratomalacia
- Xerophthalmic fundus
- Skin changes like xerosis of skin and follicular hyperkeratosis
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Thiamin or
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Beri Beri
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Vitamin B1
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- Loss of appetite
- Tingling hands and legs
- Numbness, aches and pain
- Polyneurits
- Either odema or emaciation of body tissues
- Wernicke’s Korsakoff Syndrome
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Riboflavin or
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Ariboflavinosis
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- Glossitis (magenta tongue)
- Cheilosis
- Angular stomatitis
- Nasolabial dyssebacea
- Angular blepharitis
- Lingual papillae
- Scrotal or vulval dermatosis
- Eye lesions like corneal vascularisation
- Pharyngitis
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Niacin deficiency
Pellagra
(The 4 Ds: dermatitis, diarrhea, dementia, and death).
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- Sunburn
- Irritability
- Diarrhoea
- Dementia
- Swollen tongue
- Mental confusion
- Dermatitis
- Insomnia
- Weakness
- Extreme cases death
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Pantothenic acid ( also called pantothenate)
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- Acne
- Paresthesia
- Carpal tunnel syndrome
- Fatigue
- Insomnia
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Pyridoxine or vitamin B6
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- Microcytic anemia
- Depression,
- Dermatitis, high blood pressure (hypertension), water retention
- Elevated levels of homocysteine
- Weakened immune system
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Last modified: Wednesday, 2 November 2011, 8:36 AM