Hardy-Weinberg Law
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Both gene and genotype frequencies in a population remain constant generation after generation when the population is large; mating is at random and in the absence of selection, mutation and migration.
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When the gene frequency remains constant generations after generations, the population is in genetic equilibrium or Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium non-evolutionary model.
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When the population is in genetic equilibrium, the rate of evolution is zero. That is, when a population obeys, hardy-Weinberg law the population will not undergo evolution. So evolution occurs only when Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium is altered.
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The Hardy-Weinberg law is represented by a simple formula.
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For 2 alleles (A1 and A2) of one gene
p =
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f(A) Frequency of 'A1' gene
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q =
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f(a) Frequency of 'A2' gene
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Then the next generation will have:
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For a dimorphic gene the Hardy-Weinberg equation is based on the binomial distribution:
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This formula is used to find out the frequency of dominant gene and recessive gene in a population.
p =
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Frequency of dominant gene
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q =
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Frequency of recessive gene
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p2 =
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Frequency of dominant homozygote
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2pq =
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Frequency of heterozygote
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q2 =
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Frequency of recessive homozygote
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Last modified: Saturday, 17 December 2011, 11:01 AM