Other groups of tranquilizers
OTHER GROUPS OF TRANQUILIZERS
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Butyrophenones: Eg- Haloperidol, droperidol, azaperone, fluanisone.
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Central blockade of DA and NE actions
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In man may cause unusual behavioral side effects
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Little Cardiovascular or respiratory effects
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Potent antiemetics
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Haloperidol – human drug – antipsychotic
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Droperidol - main use in neurolptanalgesia combination. (+Fentanyl),(or + benzodiazepines)
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Azaperone – popular sedative in pigs – animal not to be disturbed for 20 min. after injection – may cause excitation
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Use – premedication in pigs
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To sedate pigs – for preventing fighting, to avoid rejection of piglets by mothers and for fostering
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Not recommended in horses – due to excitement
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Fluanisone - use in neurolptanalgesia combination.
Benzodiazepines : Eg- Chlordiazepoxide, Diazepam, Midazolam
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First in 1955 – Chlordiazepoxide depressants of CNS –acts on limbic system produces muscle relaxation by inhibition of neurons at spinal levels
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Action through specific Benzodiazepine receptor – GABA mediated action
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Acts at a site different from Barbiturates on the GABA gated Cl - channel
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Example of a receptor site for a non endogenous drug
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Minimal cardiovascular effect and mild respiratory depressio
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Diazepam—popular drug.
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As a sedative, premedication, neuroleptanalgesia
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Anticonvulsant effects
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Popular sleeping tablet in man
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Midazolam – shorter acting – used in combination with ketamine
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Chlordiazepoxide – less used
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Benzodiazepines – appetite stimulant in children and animals
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Flumazenil – Benzodiazepine antagonist –used to reverse toxicity with benzodiazepines
Thioxanthines
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Chlorprothixene – Depressant, anticholinergic, antiemetic and antihistaminic actions
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Used as sedative in dogs, sheep and goats, for ceasarean in pigs
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Last modified: Wednesday, 16 May 2012, 4:39 AM