Refrigeration & Equipment Engineering

Unit 3 - Parts of refrigeration systems

3.1.2.2.1.Single stationary blade type rotary compressor
A single stationary blade type rotary compressor is shown in figure. This consists of a stationary cylinder, a roller (or impeller) and a shaft has an eccentric on which the roller is mounted. A blade is set into the slot of a cylinder in such a manner that it always maintains contacts with the roller by means of a spring. The blade moves in and out of the slot to follow the rotor when it rotates. Since the blade separates the suction and discharge ports as shown in figure, therefore it is often called a sealing blade. When the shaft rotates, the roller also rotates so that it always touches the cylinder wall.

In figure (a) to (d) shows the various positions of roller as the vapour refrigerant is compressed. Figure (a) shows the completion of intake stroke (i.e. the cylinder is full of low pressure and temperature vapour refrigerant) and the beginning of compression stroke. When the roller rotates, the vapour refrigerant ahead of the roller is being compressed and the new intake from the evaporator is drawn into the cylinder, as shown in figure (b). As the roller turns mid position as shown in figure, more vapour refrigerant is drawn into the cylinder while the compressed refrigerant is discharged to the condenser. At the end of compression stroke as shown in figure (d), most of the compressed vapour refrigerant is passed through the discharge port to the condenser. A new charge of refrigerant is drawn into the cylinder. This, in turn is compressed and discharged to the condenser. In this way, the low pressure and temperature refrigerant is compressed gradually to a high pressure and temperature.