Rose cultivation in open condition

Rose cultivation

    Roses are grown in gardens in all parts of the world.
  • In Temperate countries, the most important period of flowering is summer.
  • In Tropical climate winter and spring, whereas,
  • In Subtropical climate round the year
    SOIL:
    • Although any soil is good for rose cultivation. However, for proper drainage, the medium loamy soil with sufficient organic matter is essential.
    • It grows well in a soil with a pH of 6.0 to 7.5. It can sustain little acidity (5.5 to 6.5), good aeration;
    • The land with high water table is not suitable.
    LIGHT:
    • Light is one of the important growth factors which influence both temperature and water.
    • Primarily light is necessary for assimilation (photosynthesis). Through chlorophyll in the leaves, light is transformed into sugars, a process also requiring CO2 and water.
    • This energy source is essential for growth and development of flowers, stems, leaves and roots.
    • The degree to which a plant can use the amount of light available depends on several factors, for example chlorophyll contents of the leaves, CO2 supply, temperature and humidity.
    • The other indirect effect of light is the stimulation of vascular transport through the plant.
    • Rose prefers bright sunshine for the whole day, if not at least for the normal part of the day i.e., the forenoon.
    • Sunshine for six hours is ideal for better growth and flowering.
    • The plants should be free from shades of trees and protected from the strong winds.
    • As light raises the leaf temperature, the leaves respond by opening the stomata to allow a higher evaporation in order to cool down.
    • This process also increases the water transport, enabling nutrients, necessary for plant growth, to be distributed through the plant.
    TEMPERATURE:
    • Temperature influences almost all processes of life.
    • Too much light at a low temperature causes an unnecessary surplus of sugars.
    • Due to the high temperature the respiration process works at maximum capacity, while production of energy (photosynthesis) is maintained at a low level.
    • The differences in temperature during the day/night (light/dark) period have a major effect on plant growth.
    • It is assumed that through a raise in temperature early in the night period, more energy is put in generative growth (flower development).
    • Higher temperatures during the night period, compared to the day period, will stretch internodes and vice versa.
    • Under poor light conditions this is a possibility to obtain the required 24-hour temperature without creating a weak and elongated crop.
    • The greenhouse temperature is generally maintained from 200C to210C on cloudy days and 240C –280C on sunny days. Whereas the night temperature is 16-17o C.
    • However, the temperature range of 15-270C is optimum.
    HUMIDITY:
    • Plays an important role in the incidence of pests and diseases affecting the growth and flowers. Mildews are highly associated with high humidity.
    • The climactic condition of India is well suited for rose production.
    • In the northern plains rose flowers best during winter where as in temperate hilly region of the Himalayas best flowers are produced in summer.
    • Under Bangalore, Pune and such other mild climatic region we can produce good quality roses round the year.
Last modified: Wednesday, 20 June 2012, 6:32 AM