Commercial Floriculture

Propagation of roses

Methods:

I. Seed propagation and

II. Vegetative propagation:

II. Vegetative propagation:

1. Cutting:
• Propagation of roses by cuttings normally done to raise root stocks for grafting or budding. •
• Also for multiplying vigorous types of cultivars.
• Climbers, ramblers, polyanthus and miniature roses respond quite well to this method.
a. Stem cuttings:
• Easiest and least expensive method. Each shoot should be cut clean just below the node and lower leaves are removed.
• Cuttings may be single, double or triple-eyed bellow for rooting.
b. Root cuttings:
• Some rose species like R-blanda R. nitida and R. Virginiana can be propagated by root cuttings.
• More resistant to frost than stem cuttings but the growth & flowering is poor in root cuttings.
• The growing point should be always top.

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2. Layering:
• Usually practiced in climbing and rambling cultivars.
• Practiced in early monsoon or early spring.
• Not good due to the fibrous root.
  a. Air layering:
• It consists of removing of the bark, about 2.5cm long and apply rooting hormone IBA/NAA @10ppm and cover with rooting media.
• The use of damp sphagnum moss around the ringed portion and cover with polyethylene film for quick rooting.
b. Ground layering:
• It is performed by bending the shoots to the ground and covering it with soil, but leaving the terminal and exposed.
• Cutting or notching should be given in the underside of the stem.
• Rooting take place in a month or so and the layered shoots is detached 15-20 days after root formation.

3. Grafting:
• Inarching is another method of propagating roses, but has many disadvantages.
• Failure is common
• Flowering wood is sacrificed.
• The cost of grafted plant is costlier than budded plants.
• Not popular due to above drawbacks.

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4. Budding:
• Budding is the most popular and successful method for multiplying roses.
• Provides larger number of plants than cuttings, layering or grafting, as a single shoot of the desired scion furnishes a number of buds for budding.
• Rooted cuttings of stock or seedlings with roots are used as in grafting.
• T-budding, inverted T and slit method (I).
• Shield or T-budding is commercially practiced.
• On the selected rootstocks, the buds are inserted into a T-shaped incision and then tied with suitable wrapping material or polyethylene sheets /tape, adhesive tape, binding rubber strip.

  Time of budding:
• The time of budding varies from place to place.
• The right stage of budding is when the plants have good sap flow and the cambium tissue is highly active.
• The best times for budding in different regions are as follows.

  • In eastern India January-March due to the ideal temperature in spring season.
  • Northern India – December-February.
• In places with mild climate, all the year round, like in Bangalore, Pune, Dharwad etc. budding can be done almost any time.
• Bud woods can be stored at 0oC and utilized for budding.
• Should be preferably done 5-7cm above the ground.
• It takes 3-4 weeks for bud union. The ideal temperature is 10-25oC.

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