Commercial Floriculture

Preparation of Rose beds

• Preparation of soil is the key of success with roses.
• It should be rich, porous and well drained.
• The initial preparation of rose beds should preferably be started during summer season so that the soil gets exposed to hot sun and air and during the monsoon it gets a chance to settle down before planting.
• Grasses any perennial weeds should be removed along with their roots, knots, rhizomes, etc. by deep digging.
• The soil should be pulverized; gravels, stones, brick pieces and other foreign materials removed and exposed to sun for at least a week.
• Land should be thoroughly prepared.
• Pits or trenches are to be made and basal dusting with Malathian has to be done. The pit / trench should be filled with soil and FYM mixture (2:1).
• In Trench system, trenches of about 2.5 feet width and between trenches 2-3 feet with any convenient length with 1 – 1.5 feet depth.

Planting :
There are two types of planting systems are commonly followed in rose production, viz,
1. Pit system: 45 cm3(Length x Breadth x Depth)
2. Trench system:
• 60 – 75 cm (2-2 ½ ft) Wide
• 30-45 cm (1- ½ ft) Depth
• Any length depending upon availability.
• 60-90 cm (2-3 ft path) between the trenches.

Spacing:
It varies from types of roses, soil to soil and place to place and purpose of planting.
Protected cultivation	Outdoor cultivation
60x30 cm.	75x75 cm for Hybrid
30x20 cm	60x60cm for other varieties
30x30 cm.
However from the management point of view 60 x 60 cm is ideal for outdoor cultivation.

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PLANTING: This operation should receive very careful attention and to do this job well there are few operations / steps have to be attended for preparation of planting materials.
1. Remove all immature, dead, inward growing or diseased shorts.
2. Remove all the suckers growing below the point of bud union.
3. Reduce the possibility of loss of moisture by removing some leaves including dried and yellow ones.
4. If the rose plants are procured with shriveled bark, immerse the plants in water for 24 hours to plump up.
5. Before planting the plants should be immersed in 0.1 % Blitox solution (i.e. 1.0 g In 1 liter of water) to lessen the risk of attack of fungi.
6. Planting should be done in thoroughly prepared beds or trenches or pits.
7. At the time of planting the soil should not be too wet or too dry.
8. The plant should be planted at a proper depth by keeping the bud union 2.5 – 5.0 cm above the soil level.
9. The gap in the hole is to be filled with the soil which was dugout and pressed properly to anchor the plant firmly.
10. Then the soil around the stem should be rammed firmly by treading over with feet. This will press out air pockets in the soil which will help the roots coming in contact with the soil particle and intake of water and nutrients through the rootlets.
11. The beds after planting thoroughly have to be irrigated immediately.
12. The best planting time depends mainly on the climatic conditions of the region. In countries with severe winter, planting may be done either in autumn (or) in the spring when plants are in dormant condition and easy to handle.
13. The best season is rainy & winter for better establishment (June – October)
14. Immediately after planting stake the plants.

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