Farm Power And Machinery (1+1)

Tractor Drawn Implements

• Tractor drawn implements possess higher working capacity and are operated at higher speeds.
  
• These implements need more technical knowledge for operations and maintenance work.
  
• Tractor drawn implements may be either trailed type or semi-mounted type or mounted type.
Trailed type implement

It is one that is pulled and guided from single hitch point but its weight is not supported by the tractor.

Semi-mounted type implement
This type of implement is one which is attached to the tractor only to the lower link of the hydraulic system. It is controlled directly by tractor steering unit but its weight is partly supported by the tractor.
Mounted type implement
A mounted implement is one which is attached to the three point linkage of hydraulic system, which can be controlled directly by the tractor steering unit. The implement is carried fully by the tractor. It can be raised, lowered and hold in any position.
Terms used in ploughing

• Centre of power: It is the true point of hitch of a tractor.
• Centre of resistance: It is the point at which the resultant of all the horizontal and vertical forces act. The centre lies at a distance equal to 3/4th size of the plough from the share wing.
• Line of pull: It is an imaginary straight line passing from the centre of resistance through the clevis to the centre of pull.
• Pull : It is the total force required to pull an implement.


Fixed type (one way) mould board plough

• One way plough throws the furrow slice to one side of the direction of motion and is commonly used everywhere.
  
• It may be long beam type or short beam type.
  
• There are single bottom, two bottom, three bottom, four bottom and five bottom fixed mould board ploughs are available which are based on the power source horse power.


Plate : 12.3 Two bottom fixed mould board plough


Two-way or Reversible plough

• It is a mould board plough which turns furrow slice to the right or left side of direction of travel as require. Such ploughs have two sets of opposed bottoms.
  
• In such plough, all the furrow can be turned towards the same side of the field by using one bottom for one direction of travel and the other bottom on the return trip.
  
• Two sets of bottom are so mounted that they can be raised or lowered independently or rotated along an axis.
  
• Two way ploughs have the advantages that they neither upset the slope of the land nor leave dead furrows or back furrows in the middle of the field.


Plate : 12.4 Single bottom reversible mould board plough