SYLLABUS

Orchard Management 2(1+1)

Theory: Orchard management, importance, objectives, merits and demerits, clean cultivation, sod culture, Sod mulch, herbicides and inorganic and organic mulches. Tropical, sub-tropical and temperate horticultural systems, competitive and complimentary effect of root and shoot systems. Biological efficiency of cropping systems in horticulture, systems of irrigation. Soil management in relation to nutrient and water uptake and their effect on soil environment, moisture, organisms and soil properties. Integrated nutrient and pest management. Utilization of resources constraints in existing systems. Crop model and crop regulation in relation to cropping systems.

Practical: Layout of different systems of orchard soil management, clean, inter, cover and mixed cropping, fillers. Use of mulch materials, organic and inorganic, moisture conservation, weed control. Layout of various irrigation systems.