QUESTIONS

QUESTIONS

Q1. Tick the correct Answer
1 Azhukal literally means:
a)Rotting b)Blightening c) Softening d) Necrosis
2. Small cardamom is mainly cultivated in the forests of
a) Eastern ghats b) Western ghats c) Northern ghats d) Eastern ghats.
3. Colocasia plants are collateral hosts of
a) Phytophthora nicotianae var. nicotianae b) Phytophthora nicotianae var. parasitica. c ) Phytophthora meadii. d) Phytophthora infestans.
4. Pathogens associated with Azhukal is :
a) Seed borne b) Soil borne c) Air borne d) Both air and seed borne.
5. Most congenial conditions for Azhukal development
a) High temperature and high humidity b) High rainfall and high humidity c) High temperature and low humidity d) Low temperature and low humidity.
6.) Phytophthora meadii can be biologically controlled by application of :
a) Trichoderma spp. b) Penicillium spp. c) Coniothyrium spp. d) Bacillus subtilis
7. Rhizone rot of small cardamom is also called as:
a) Stump rot b) Clump rot c) Club rot d) Stem rot.
8. In nurseries rhizone rot pathogen also causes
a) Root rot b) Collar rot c) damping off d) Stem rot.
9. Predisposing factor for rhizome rot of cardamom initiation is
a) Good drainage b) Improved drainage c) Unirrigated conditions d) Poor drainage.
10. Meloidogyne incognita predisposes the seedlings to damping off caused by
a) Macrophomina phaseolina b) Sclerotium rolfsii c)S. sclerotiorum
d) Rhizoctonia solani
11. Pythim vexans can be kept under check with the application of :
a) Metalaxyl+mancozeb b) Carbendazim +mancozeb c) Carbendazim+ dinocap d)Wettable sulphur
12. Katte meaning:
a) In order b) Disorder c) Deficiency d) Nitrogen deficiency.
13. Chirkey and Foorkey are the important diseases of:
a) Small cardamom b) Large cardamom c) Nutmeg c) Black pepper.
14. Thread blight of nutmeg pathogen perennate in: not in text
a) Soil b) Air c) Seed d) in dried up leaves.
15. Diplodia natalensis is associated with which disease if nutmeg:
a) Stem blight b) Leaf blight c) Stem canker d) Fruit rot.

Answers
1. a,2. b, 3.c, 4.b, 5.b, 6.a, 7.b, 8.c, 9.d, 10.d, 11.a, 12.b, 13.b, 14.d,15.d.

Q.2: Filling the Blanks
1. Azhukal is…………..name which literally means…………………….
2. Phytophthora nicotianae var. nicotianae is -----------------form of ………………………
3. …………… plants are reported to be the ………… host of Phytophthora meadii .
4. Rhizome rot of small cardamom is also called as ………………..
5. The incidence of rhizome rot of small cardamom ranges from ………..to …………% in different areas of Idukki
6. Bacterial canker of small cardamom is also called as …………….
7. Bacterial canker of small cardamom is caused by …………. which is Gram ……………
8. Mosaic of small cardamom is also called as …………disease.
9. Mosaic of small cardamom is transmitted by ………………
10. Kokke kandu is caused by ………………
11. Rust of large cardamom is caused by ……………………
12. Chirkey disease of large cardamom is transmitted by ……………….
13. Foorkey disease of large cardamom was first reported by ……………..
14. Thread blight of nutmeg manifests two types i.e. …………………… and ………………….
15. Die- back of nutmeg is caused by ……………………..

Answers
1. Malayalam, rotting 2. Soil borne, oospores 3. Colocasia, collateral 4.Clump rot 5.9, 60 6. Chenthal 7. Coryne bacterium,+ tive 8. Katte 9. Banana Aphid 10. Vein clearing virus 11. Phakopsora elettariae 12. Corn aphid Ropholosiphum maydis 13. Vasudeva, 1956 14. White thread blight, Horse hair blight 15. Diplodia spp.

Small and large cardamom
1. Write short note on characteristic symptoms of following diseases:
a. Capsule rot of cardamom
b. Katte or mosaic disease of cardamom
c. Bacterial blight of small cardamom
d. Bacterial canker of small cardamom
2. Give control measures for the below mentioned diseases
a. Azhukal or capsule rot of small cardamom
b. Damping –off of small cardamom
3. Give sources of perennation and epidemiological factors for pathogens of the following diseases:
a. Katte or mosaic disease of small cardamom
b. Spike rot or collar rot of large cardamom
4. Discuss symptoms, etiology, epidemiology and management of capsule rot disease of small cardamom
Nutmeg
1. Write short note on characteristic symptoms of following diseases:
a. Leaf spot and shot hole of nutmeg
b. Thread blight of nutmeg
2. Give sources of perennation and epidemiological factors of Thread blight of nutmeg
3. Give control measures of leaf spot and shot hole of the nutmeg
Last modified: Wednesday, 7 December 2011, 8:53 AM