Shorter fibres are spun into yarns by mechanical spinning. Artificial fibres are spun by a complicated process known as chemical spinning as it is linked with their manufacture. All natural fibres except silk are staple fibres. Since silk is a filament fibre, simply twisting of few filaments together makes a yarn.
Consumer should be aware that the strength and other properties of fabrics mainly depend on the yarn construction and fabric construction rather than the qualities of the fibre itself. The production of yarns depends on various factors such as its intended end use, required kind and quality of yarns, processing necessary to produce required size and amount of twist given to the yarns. For example, a towel material needs a thicker yarn with less twist; crepes need high twist; fine yarns are required for apparels. Thus the purpose of the yarns determines the kind and number of manufacturing operations required.
Short staple fibres such as cotton, wool, flax and other minor fibres undergo different operations while production of yarns. As length is a constraint in these fibres, sufficient pliability in the fibres is required. The convolutions of cotton, roughness of flax and scales of wool contribute to the cohesiveness of the fibre and thereby make it possible to produce yarns of different counts. Flexibility and uniformity in fibres improve the evenness and quality of yarns.
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