Programme Planning, Implementation and Evalution

PROGRAMME PLANNING, IMPLEMENTATION AND EVALUATION 2(1+1)

Lesson 23 : Types of Monitoring and Evaluation

Formative and Summative Evaluation

This type of classification is given by Swanson.

Formative Evaluation

• This is done to monitor the progress during programme implementation.
• It involves gathering information during early stages of the project, with a focus on determining whether the efforts are being directed as planned. This helps in smooth running of the programme.
• Attempts to identify and solve the shortcomings during the developmental stages of a programme (i.e. programme execution) and provides early feedback on programme weaknesses and obstacles that have emerged, to modify the remaining programme stages for gaining success.
• Formative evaluation is a structured way to provide feedback on the work conducted by programme staff.

An example of formative evaluation would be a radio programme or any television show which may be evaluated to get a feedback on how well it is received by the target audiance.

Summative Evaluation

• These are conducted after completion of programme.
• It is the systematic use of research techniques to measure outcomes and overall effectiveness of the programme.
• Summative evaluation assesses the worth of the final outcome of the programme and examines whether the defined objectives are achieved or not.
• This evaluation assesses the questions such as –
• Did the programme achieved their goals?
• What was the intensity of the programme impact?
• What were the unexpected outcomes?
• What aspects of the programme were most or least successful?

An example of summative evaluation would be – An increase in consumption of iron folic acid tablets by pregnant women from 20% at baseline level to 25% at the end of the programme in two years.