Weed Management in Horticulture Crops (1+1)

CLASSIFICATION OF WEEDS cont...

III. Based on soil type (Edaphic)

(a) Weeds of black cotton soil: These are often closely allied to those that grow in dry condition e.g. Aristolochia bracteata
(b) Weeds of red soils: They are like the weeds of garden lands consisting of various classes of plants e.g. Commelina benghalensis
(c) Weeds of light, sandy or loamy soils: Weeds those occur in soils having good drainage e.g. Leucas aspera
(d) Weeds of laterite soils: e.g. Lantana camara, Spergula arvensis

IV. Based on place of occurrence

(a) Weeds of crop lands: The majority of weeds infests the cultivated lands and cause hindrance to the farmers for successful crop production e.g. Phalaris minor in wheat
(b) Weeds of pasture lands: Weeds found in pasture / grazing grounds e.g. Indigofera enneaphylla
(c) Weeds of waste lands: Corners of fields, margins of channels etc., where weeds grow in profusion e.g. Gynandropsis pentaphylla, Calotropis gigantean etc.
(d) Weeds of playgrounds, road-sides: They are usually hardy, prostrate perennials, capable of withstanding any amount of trampling.e.g. Alternanthera echinata, Tribulus terestris

V. Based on Origin

(a) Indigenous weeds: All the native weeds of the country come under this group and most of the weeds are indigenous.e.g. Acalypha indica, Abutilon indicum
(b) Introduced or Exotic weeds: These are the weeds introduced from other countries. These weeds are normally troublesome and control becomes difficult.e.g. Parthenium hysterophorus, Phalaris minor, Acanthospermum hispidum

VI. Based on cotyledon number
Based on number of cotyledons they can be classified as dicots and monocots.

(a) Monocots e.g. Panicum flavidum, Echinochloa colona
(b) Dicots e.g. Crotalaria verucosa, Indigofera viscosa

VII. Based on soil pH
Based on pH of the soil the weeds can be classified into three categories.

(a) Acidophile – Acid soil weeds e.g. Rumex acetosella
(b) Basophile – Saline & alkaline soil weeds e.g. Taraxacum sp.
(c) Neutrophile – Weeds of neutral soils e.g. Acalypha indica