Housing and Space Management

Housing And Space Management 3(2+1)

Lesson 07 :Building Plan For Family Living

Building Plan Drawings

Mental image of a designer is turned into visual illustrations called as concept drawings. Designer creates concept drawings of a house plan, with the number of decisions already made. A good understanding of the site details, Space needs of family allows the designer to generate different conceptual drawings.
The drawings usually required in connection with the house construction are site plan, floor plan, elevations, cross-sectional view, perspective view and landscape plan.

Site plan:
A site plan consists of a drawing, which shows the location of the particular building in a plot with reference to the surroundings.

This includes, the length of the boundary of the plots, the adjoining plots on all sides with numbers, the nearest street, the north direction indicated by an arrow with the letter ‘N’ at its head, the exact location of the proposed building and other structures and margin around the house, the drainage line, the public water line, the direction of the prevailing wind, the direction and amount of the downward surface slope, results of the type of soil in the plot

Floor plan:

• A floor plan is a scale diagram or drawing of a room or building from the top view
• These plans will vary greatly from house to house, depending on the specific needs and preferences of the inhabitants.
• This is a horizontal plan which shows the general arrangements of the various rooms, their length and breadth, thickness of walls, positions of the doors, windows, cupboards, furniture and fittings.
• A floor plan, or house plan, in architecture and building engineering is a diagram, usually to scale, of the relationships between rooms, spaces and other physical features at one level of a structure. It also graphically represents any overhangs or cantilevers or balconies. Dimensions are usually drawn between the walls to specify room sizes and wall lengths.
• Floor plans will also include details of fixtures like sinks, water heaters, furnaces, etc. Floor plans will include notes to specify finishes, construction methods, or symbols for electrical items.

Elevation:

• This shows the type and location of the windows, doors, balconies, and roof lines which will enhance the outside appearance of the house.
• It’s a drawing of each side of a building - the front, the rear and the sides.
• Each elevation should show the location of all the elements of the building - rooflines, windows, doors, any projections or weather shades (or chhajjas or attics) and indicate the siding and roof materials dimensions of windows and doors, the roof pitch, details of the trim, etc.
• It may include any gable and roof vents, exterior meters, utility boxes, lights or signs that may be planned for the structure.
• Interior elevations show the view of internal walls for allocation and utility of wall space for various purposes.

Cross sectional view:
This explains fully the details from the roof to the foundation, in a vertical position. This indicates the heights of the windows, doors, built-in cupboards, ceiling, thickness of the floor, walls and depth of foundation.

Perspective view:
This represents the photographic view with three dimensional effects resembling the true image of the proposed house. It is the view of a three-dimensional image that portrays height, width, and depth. This allows the viewer to get a more realistic image or graphic without demanding much of imagination and visualization. It is a form of pictorial drawing in which technically vanishing points are used to provide the depth and distortion that is seen with the human eye.

Landscape plan:
Landscape design seeks to create balance between the manmade living and the natural environments in order to derive the greatest use and enjoyment from outdoor space. It shows the position of the plants, shrubs, lawns, paths, etc. in the plot through which the beauty of the building can be enhanced.