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Parasitoids
Parasite 1. Based on the developmental site in the host a. Ectoparasitoid a. Monophagous parasitoid c. Polyphagous parasitoid: Attack a wide variety of host species. (eg) Trichogramma Spp. (Trichogrammatidae) on eggs of many Lepidopteran species. 3. Based on the host a. Primary parasitoid: A parasitoid parasitizing a pest. It is beneficial (eg) Trichogramma sp. b. Seconday parasitoids: A parasitoid attacking another parasitoid. It is harmful (eg.) Opisina arenosella (pest) Bracon brevicornis (Primary parasitoid) – Pleurotropis sp. (secondary parasitoid). c. Tertiary parasitoid: A parasitoid attacking secondary parasitoid. It is beneficial. (eg) Trichospilus coerulescens a.Solitary parasitoid: Order: Hymenoptera (90% of parasitoid coming under this order) I.Egg parasitoid a. Trichogramma chilonis: Trichogrammatidae – Eggs of sugarcane internode borer, cotton bollworm, rice leaf folder. II. Egg-Larval parasitoidb. T. japonicum: Trichogrammatidae – Eggs of rice stem borer c. Telenomus rowani : Scelonidae – Eggs or rice stem borer d. T.remus : Scelonidae – Eggs of tobacco caterpillar a. Chelonus blackburni: Braconidae – Eggs of cotton spotted bollworm. III. Larval parasitoida. Bracon hebetor: Braconidae – Larvae of coconut black headed caterpillar IV. Larval – Pupal parasitoidb. B.brevicornis :Braconidae – Larvae of coconut black headed caterpillar c. Compoletis chloridae: Ichneumonidae – Larvae of H. armigera d. Cotesia plutella :Braconidae – Larvae of diamondback moth e. Eriborus trochanteratus: Ichneumonidae – Larvae of coconut black headed caterpillar f. Goniozus nephantidis : Bethylidae – Larvae of coconut black headed caterpillar g. Platygaster oryzae: Platygasteridae – Larvae of rice gall midge. a. Isotima javensis: Ichneumonidae – Pre – pupal parasite of top shoot borer of sugarcane. V.Pupal parasitoida. Brachymeria nephantidis; Chalcidae – Pupae of coconut black headed caterpillar. VI. Nymphal and adult parasitoidb. Tetrastichus israeli: Eulophidae – Pupae of coconut black headed caterpillar. c. Trichospilus pupivora: Eulophidae – Pupae of coconut black headed caterpillar. d. Xanthopimpla punctata : Ichneumonidae a. Aphelinus mali : Aphelinidae – Aphids Order: Diptera (10% of parasitoid coming under this order)b. Encarsia formosa: Aphelinidae – Cotton whitefly I. Larval parasitoid a. Sturmiospsis inferens: Tachinidae: Larvae of sugarcane early shoot borer. II. Larval – pupal parasitoid b. Spaggossia bassiana: Tachinide: Larvae of coconut black headed caterpillar. a.Eucelatoria bryani: Tachinidae : Larvae of H.armigera |
Last modified: Friday, 24 February 2012, 10:06 PM