Antihypertensive drugs
First line antihypertensive drugs
- ACE inhibitors
- AT1 antagonists
- β -adrenergic blockers
- Calcium channel blockers
- Diuretics
Diuretics
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Thiazides and related drugs are drugs of choice in uncomplicated hypertension
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Thiazides are mild antihypertensives
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Effective in elderly patients
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They are indicated in hypertension complicated by
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Diuretics should be avoided in
ACE Inhibitors/AT1 blockers
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First choice drug in all grades of essential as well as renovascular hypertension
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ACE inhibitors should be avoided in
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Most appropriate antihypertensives in patients with
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Diabetes
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Nephropathy/chronic kidney disease
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Left ventricular hypertrophy
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Post Myocardial Infarction
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Gout
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Dyslipidemia
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They appear to be more effective in relatively young patients
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ACE inhibitors produce persistent cough (during the first two weeks) and dysguesia (loss of taste sensation).
β -blockers
- Mild antihypertensive
- They are indicated as antihypertensive in patients with
- Stable heart failure
- Post myocardial infarction
- High coronary artery disease risk
- Highly suitable for
- Patients with coexisting anxiety or tachycardia
- Relatively young non-obese patients
- High renin hypertensive patients
- Migraine patients
- Pregnant individuals
- Contraindicated in
- Peripheral vascular disease
- Pulmonary disease-asthma, COPD
- Cardiac disease-Conduction defects, decompensated heart failure
- Abnormal lipid profile
Calcium Channel blockers
- Preferred in
- Prevents recurrent stroke
- Verapamil and diltiazem should be avoided in
- Dihydropyridines should be avoided in
- Ischaemic heart disease
- Post myocardial infarction
- Gastroesophageal reflux
- Males with prostate enlargement
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Last modified: Wednesday, 25 April 2012, 11:51 AM