Pharmacological actions of insulin
Pharmacological actions
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Insulin binds to specific cell membrane located receptors.
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This facilitates the entry of glucose, aminoacids and potassium ions into most cells.
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This reverses the hyperglycemia of diabetes mellitus by allowing excess glucose to become intracellular.
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Inside the cell, protein synthesis is increased and glucose is phosphorylated by ATP and hexokinase and is used to derive energy or for incorporation into glycogen.
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The storage of carbohydrate is further aided by the inhibition of the action of the enzymes of glycogenolysis.
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Protein synthesis is aided by the impairment of gluconeogenesis.
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Insulin also facilitates fat deposition and strongly inhibits lipolysis.
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Increased glucose uptake into muscle and fat
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Increased glycogenesis
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Decreased glycogenolysis
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Decreased gluconeogenesis
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Stimulation of growth (anabolic)
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Decreased lipolysis
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Decreased protein breakdown
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Last modified: Thursday, 26 April 2012, 4:45 AM