Surgery and Radiology Section

COMMON DRUGS USED IN CLINICAL SURGICAL PRACTICE

Sl.No	Common drug(s)	Doses/ concentration/composition	Use in clinical surgical practice
1	Tincture Iodine	a) Weak solutions (Usual strength is 2.5 %)	Sterilization of injection site and application in the field of operative site. It can be applied on the fresh wounds. Tr. Iodine is applied on the stump of the umbilical cord to prevent infection
		b) Strong solution (Usual strength is 5-7%)	Treatment of ring worm and demodectic mange.
2	Povidone Iodine	5% & 10 % solution	Local antiseptic for wound dressing, used as cleaning solution for wounds, teat tips and udder.
3	Liniment of turpentine	Soft soap 1.25g Camphor 2.5g Turpentine oil 16.25ml Dist.water ad to 50ml	Turpentine liniment is used as counter-irritant and rubefacient in treating sprains, strains, joint affections , neuralgia, myalgia,and  recent swelling.
4	Oil of Turpentine	Rectified oil of turpentine Carminative Cattle and horse 30- 60 ml Pig 4 - 8 ml Goat 4-10 ml Dog 0.12 – 1.3 ml	Externally it acts an a rubefacient, vesicant, local haemostatic, antiseptic, disinfectant and fly repellent   Internally it acts as an antiseptic, expectorant, sialogogue, gastric stimulant, antizymotic, carminative and intestinal haemostatic.
5	Zinc oxide ointment	Zinc oxide 3.0g White soft paraffin 27.0g.	External astringent and antiseptic, useful in Eczema, act as protective ointment in healing wounds
6	Sulphur ointment	Sublimed Sulphur 2.0g Yellow/White soft paraffin 18.0g Sulphur is converted to sulphide in skin	Fungicide, Acaricide, effective against mange
7	Boro glycerin	Boric acid 30 gm Glycerin 70 gm	Used in stomatitis.
8	Boric acid dusting powder	Boric acid 2 gm Iodoform 1 gm Zinc oxide 2 gm	Used as  an antiseptic This also act as an  excellent dressing powder for treating  otorrhoea in the dogs.
9	Boric acid collyrium	Boric acid 0.5 gm Zinc sulphate 0.12 gm Distilled water 30 ml	Used in treating conjunctivitis especially useful in catarrhal and purulent conjunctivitis
10	Boric acid ointment 10%	Boric acid 10gm White paraffin 90gm	Useful in treating eczematous conditions of eyelids
11	Boric lotion	1% boric lotion	conjunctivitis, stomatitis, vaginitis, and cystitis
12	Ichthammol glycerin paste	Ichthammol Glycerin	It is applied as a pain reliever and counter irritant on rheumatic joints, sprains and other inflammatory swellings. Useful in various skin diseases like acne, eczema etc.
13	Calamine lotion	Calamine 15 gm Zinc oxide 15 gm Glycerin 5 gm Dist. Water to 100 ml	desiccant and astringent and mild antiseptic properties when applied externally.   Useful in eczema, erythema and pruritis   Used as skin astringent and protectant
14	White lotion	Zinc sulphate 1.5 g Lead acetate 2 g Water 40 ml	Internally-astringent   Externally useful in conditions like sprains, contusions, bruises, seborrhea, fissured heals and wounds
15	Formalin	A solution of formaldehyde in water. A standard preparation contain not less than 37% and not more than 41% of formaldehyde)	Antiseptic, disinfectant and deodorant   For irrigation of sinus and fistula- 2%   For seborrhea in horse – 1 in 500 solution   For sterilizing instrument – 1-2%   For sterilization of dressing materials- 1 in 1000 / 1 in 2000 solution   1 in 10% is used for foot bath
16	Lysol	Solution of cresol with soap	1-2 % solution used as antiseptic, Disinfectant for instruments.
17	Potassium permanganate solution	1 in 1000 solution	Action includes disinfectant, deodorant, antiseptic, oxidizing agent and antidote to alkaloidal poisons.   It is a chemical antidote for opium, morphine and other alkaloidal poisons.   It liberates oxygen on contact with organic matter. 0.1% solution is used for removal of exudates from tissues.   A 2% solution is employed in the treatment of snake bite as a local antidote. It is administered subcutaneously around the bite wound.   Pot. Permanganate crystals are directly applied as a caustic on ulcers.
18	Copper sulphate	Powder Sticks 20 % aqueous solution	Applied to destroy exuberant granulation (proud flush) and the walls of the sinus and fistulae
		1-3% solution	Urethritis, vaginitis and epidermophytosis
		0.5 % collyrium 1-2 % ointment	For conjunctivitis   Follicular conjunctivitis
17	Acriflavine	1 in 1000 solution or 1 in 2000 solution is used Also used as ointment	It is a less irritant antiseptic solution used to treat  wounds, ulcers, burns and inflammations of mucous membrane
18	Magnesium sulphate + glycerin paste	Magnesium sulphate 40 gm Glycerin 60 gm	Widely used to treat  oedematous conditions in animals. It absorbs water and there by reduce the oedema
19	Silver Nitrate (Lunar caustic)		Internally act as intestinal astringent and externally as caustic, astringent and antiseptic.   Collyrium at 0.5 -1% strength is useful for conjunctivitis.   It is applied to cauterize the bite wounds of rabid dog and snake.   Applied on warts to destroy the growth   Control of exuberant granulation in wounds   Formation of protective covering under which healing proceeds.   Used in dehorning   Useful to  cauterize the fistulous tract especially teat fistula
20	Bin iodide of mercury/ Mercuric iodide ointment	Red Iodide of Mercury 10g White soft Paraffin 90g	An ointment of 1 in 20 to 1 in 50 is used for the treatment of ringworm in horse and cattle. A 1 in 20 ointment is applied to stimulate the horny tissues. The effect of ointment is also utilized in ringbone, spavin, splints, inflammatory conditions such as elbow hygroma, yoke gall, etc.
21	Hydrogen peroxide solution (H2O2)	Aqueous solution contains not less than 5% and not more than 7% of hydrogen peroxide	Used as non irritating antiseptic and disinfectant. Usually applied in cavities and lesions which contains pus. It foams and effervesces in presence of pus   1:3 solution in water employed in septic wounds, abscess, fistulous tract and cavities.It is also applied on punctured wounds to prevent infection. It is used as mouthwash for tonsillitis, pharyngitis and stomatitis. Gauze soaked in H2O2 is an excellent dressing for wounds. Used in otorrhoea cases
22	Iodine ointment	Iodine 4 gm Potassium iodide 4 gm Glycerin 12 gm Lanoline 80 gm	It is mainly used as counter irritant for maturation of abscess.   It can be utilized for treating various conditions like oedema, rheumatism, arthritis, sinovitis, lymphadenitis, bursal enlargement, mastitis, contusions, etc.
23	BIPP ointment	Bismuth sub nitrate 1 gm Iodoform 2 gm Liquid paraffin q.s.	Used as topical dressing for the treatment of infected wound. It promotes granulation
24	Triple sulphate powder	Zinc sulphate 30 gm Copper sulphate 30 gm Ferrous sulphate 30 gm	Used in thrush wounds of horses.
25	Hypertonic saline solutions.	5% solution	Used for flushing the necrotic wound.
26	Carbolic acid/ Phenol	Available as Liquefied phenol Glycerin of phenol Carbolic oil Carbolic ointment Corbol glycerin (Ear drops) 1:30 gylcerin Carbolic liniment 5-10% Carbolic dusting powder 20-30 % Carbolic soap 10-20%	Externally it act as a caustic, disinfectant antiseptic, local anaesthetic, parasiticide and deodorant
27	Eupad	Bleaching powder 50 gm Boric acid 50 gm	Used as surface antiseptic for wound, ulcers and infected cavities (vaginal and nasal douche)
28	Eusol	Bleaching powder 12.5 gm Boric acid 12.5 gm Water 100 ml	Used as surface antiseptic for wound, ulcers and infected cavities (vaginal and nasal douche)
29	Linimentum saponin	Liniment of soap	Used for sprains
30	Liquor ferri perchloride	Strong solution	Used as Haemostatic- Local styptic
31	Compound Tr. Benzoin	Benzoin 10 gm Storax 7.5 gm Balsam of Tolu 2.5 ml Aloes 4.0 ml Alcohol 90 % to 1000 ml	Used as antiseptic,  adhesive wound dressing and styptic
32	Fluorescence dye	2 % solution	For diagnosis of corneal ulcers and nasolacrimal duct obstruction