Veterinary Clinical Biochemistry and Laboratory Diagnosis

Organisation of Clinical Laboratory

ORGANIZATION OF CLINICAL PATHOLOGY LABORATORY

• A clinical pathology laboratory is a necessity for aiding and confirming clinical diagnosis. This laboratory should have certain basic facilities, which are listed below.

Accommodation

• A well ventilated and lighted room with adequate water and gas supply is of paramount importance. The room should have sufficient racks for keeping equipments, microscopes and sinks for preparing materials.
• The flooring should be preferably mosaic and the walls glaze tiled up to a height of 5’ to allow easy cleaning. High quality porcelain ware should be used for the sinks, since acids etc will be thrown into them.
• Efficient drainage should be provided, as proper disposal of waste material is very important.

Equipments

Research microscope Centrifuges (hand centrifuge and a high speed electrical centrifuge) Incubator Hot air oven Autoclave Bunsen burner Staining rack Interval timer Hand tally counter Differential cell counter Refrigerator pH meter

Urinometer and albinometer Haemoglobinometer Haemocytometer with spare pipettes Pipette washer Platinum loop Water bath Agglutination test kit Wintrobe tube and stand Test tube rack, pipette, spirit lamp, test tube holder etc. Microhaematocrit Colorimeter

Glassware and plastics

• Test tubes, sugar tubes, cover slips, pipettes, glass syringes, tuberculin syringes, haematocrit tubes and pipettes, screw capped storage bottles, plastic wash bottles, plastic buckets, microscope slides, agglutination plates, plastic trays, bowel cups, etc.

Chemical and drugs

• RBC and WBC diluting fluids
• Stains: Leishman, gentian violet, methylene blue, brilliant cresyl blue, Giemsa, haematoxylin, eosin, phloxine, fuchsin, safranine etc.

Potassium iodide Ammonium oxalate Ammonium sulphate Barium chloride Sodium nitroprusside  Sodium chloride Iodine Ammonium hydroxide H2O2 Hydrochloric acid Benzidine reagent Sulphur powder Litmus paper pH paper

Zinc sulphate Formalin EDTA Sulphuric acid Nitric acid Sodium citrate Potassium oxalate Xylol Immersion oil Microscope lens cleaning paper Rectified spirit Absolute alcohol Methyl alcohol KOH

Optional equipments

• The following equipments may aid to the usefulness of the laboratory
  • Blood gas analyzer
  • Biochemical autoanalyzer
  • Spectrophotometer
  • Super speed centrifuge etc.