Campylobacteriosis
Definition
Etiology
- Camphylobacter sub sp. venerealis
- Camphylobacter sub sp. foetalis
- Camphylobacter sub sp. jejuni
- Camphylobacter sub sp. mucosalis
- Camphylobacter are slender, spirally curved, motile Gram – negative rods
Campylobacter foetus sub sp. venerealis
- Causes specific venereal disease in cattle
- Spreads through coitus or through artificial insemination
- Bull do not show any disease
- Cows suffer from infertility and prolonged oestrus cycle
- Endometritis, abortion at 4-7 months of gestation are important clinical sings
Pathogenesis
- Bacteria → entry through coitus or artificial insemination→ Invade the chorionic epithelium → cause cell death or cell proliferation
- IgA is an immunoglobulin in cervico – vaginal mucus
- Kills the organism
- IgG in mucosa of uterus also helps
- C. foetus sub sp venerealis shows cyclical antigenic variation
- Destruction of bacteria by immune response leaves a residual population of bacteria with different epitopes
- Multiplies and is eliminated by secondary immune response
- Leaving a third residual population of bacteria of different antigenic type
- The process is repeated leaving a persistent infection
Lesions
- Sub acute, diffuse, mucopurulent endometritis
Diagnosis
- Campylobacter detected in tissue sections of placenta
- Identified by electron microscopy or immunostaining
Campylobacter foetus sub sp. - Foetus
- Infects sheep
- Infection through oral route
- Birds spread the infection
Pathogenesis
- Organism localises in the pregnant uterus → bacteremia → late abortion, still birth, birth of weak lambs
Lesions
- Haematomas in placenta, seperation of foetal membrane, cotyledons of placenta are oedematous, oedema and maceration of foetus, multiple necrotic foci in liver of foetus
Camylobacter jejuni
- · Normal inhabitant of intestinal tract
- · Causes diarrheoa in animals; abortions in sheep and goats
- · Mastitis in cattle
Campylobacter sputorum sub sp. mucosalis
- Causes swine proliferative ileitis syndrome or porcine intestinal adenomatosis(PIA)
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Last modified: Wednesday, 21 March 2012, 11:07 AM