Origin and distribution

Origin and distribution

    Origin
  • Cocoa is native of Amazon region of South America.
  • Under storey crop of rain forest in its natural habitat. Since 2000 years: Cocoa was under cultivation in Central America. Central American cocoa is Criollo cocoa.
    Distribution
    World :
  • About 35 countries in the world are producing and exporting cocoa Ghana, : African country : 30 per cent of world production. Nigeria, : African country.
  • Ivory Coast, : ( In Western Africa by the western side of Ghana) Leads in the world with 40 per cent of world production followed by Ghana ( 30 %)
  • Brazil : 20 per cent of world production Cameroon and Malaysia.
    Asia
  • Only 2 % of world cocoa production Central American cocoa : Criollo
Area Harvested (Ha)
Yield (Hg/Ha)
Production (tonnes)
Côte d'Ivoire
2000000
6108
1221600
Indonesia
1000000
8000
800000
Ghana
1656000
4000

662400
Nigeria
1370000
2700
370000
Cameroon
600000
3766
226000
Brazil
635975
3435
218487
Ecuador
398104
3028
120582
Togo
138160
7599
105000
Papua New Guinea
128000
3984
51000
Dominican Republic
173000
2901
50200
Colombia
127988
3855
49348
Peru
68860
5246
36124
Mexico
61317
3695
22661
Venezuela (Bolivarian Republic of)
50000
4000
20000
Malaysia
20561
8828
18152
Uganda
43000
3488
15000
India
34049
3471
11820
Total
8733093
249772
4082270

Are and production of cocoa in the world

  • Earlier cocoa was grown mainly in South America ( Brazil, Ecuador and neighboring countries). Now two thirds of the world production is from Africa ( Ghana and Nigeria)
    India
  • Early 1970’s : Commercial cultivation in India started.
  • 80 % of cocoa plantations : As intercrop/mixed crop with arecanut and coconut plantation
  • 20 % of cocoa plantations: Under crop of partially cleared forest.
      Area : 11,000 ha
      Production : 7,000 tonnes
      Productivity : 605 kg per ha
  • Marketing of cocoa in India is controlled by few companies like Cadbury’s, Sathe etc and they import cocoa at lower rates. Now cocoa crop is included under CAMPCO ( Central Arecanut and Cocoa Marketing and Processing Co- Operated Limited)

Last modified: Wednesday, 9 November 2011, 6:52 AM