Livestock Economics, Marketing and Business Management

SUPERVISION OF LABOUR AND SUPERVISORS - DIVISION OF LABOUR

Supervision of labour and supervisors

Supervision

• Supervision is referred to as " the key stone in the organizational arch", supporting the structural member which ties together the management and workers (Keith Davis).
• Supervisors are so to speak, the ligaments and tendons and so views of an organization (Peter Drucker).
• Supervision is a part of a manager's job at all levels. The vertical relationship among the different kind of mangers is called the management level.

• The top and middle management is considered to be the upper level management and first level managers are referred as supervisors (lower level management).

Supervising the supervisors

• Since the first line management play an important role in the organization their supervision is also important.
• This is carried out by the middle level management - called the "supervisor of the supervisors".
• Middle management is the link between the top management where the policies are framed and the operators' level.

Functions of Management by levels

• Division of labour means dividing large tasks into smaller packages of work to be distributed among several people. This work specialisation allows an employee to master a task in the shortest time with a minimum skill.

Division of labour

• Making of an article is split up into several processes and each process is entrusted to a separate set of workers. This is known as division of labour.
• It is simply a form of specialisation of labour. The division of labour is associated with efficiency of labour.
• There are 3 types of division of labour. They are,

Simple division of labour

• A work is done by the combined efforts of a group of workers. It is difficult to say how much Work each one did. Ex. carrying a heavy object, led by a number of people.

Complex division of labour

• Work is split up into different processes and each worker is assigned a definite part of the work.
• This is the division of labour proper. Ex. Manufacturing of pins, making of bread etc.,

Territorial division of labour

• This term refers to certain localities or cities or towns specialising in the production of some commodities.
• Eg. Lock -making in Dindugul and match factories in Sivakasi.

Advantages of division of labour

Advantages to the producer	Advantages to the workers
Increase in mechanisation	Reduction in training period
Increase in production	Allocation of work according to ability
Increase in inventions	Increase in workers efficiency
Reduction in production cost	Increase in mobility of labour
Economic use of machinery	Organization of workers
Savings of time
Advantages of specialization

Disadvantages of division of labour

Disadvantages to the worker	Disadvantages to the society
Monotony of work	Exploitation of women and children
Narrow outlook of workers	Physical and moral deterioration of workers
Decline in mobility of labour	Struggle between workers and employers
Sense of irresponsibility	Sense of irresponsibility