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Fishing gears may be classified based on (i) the place of their use (pond, reservoir, river), (ii) their mobility (e.g. whether active or passive), (iii) depth of operation (surface, pelagic, demersal, mid-water, bottom gear, etc).
1. Gears according to the place of their use
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For ponds: Cast nets, stick-held seine nets, plunge baskets, tangle nets, traps, hand lines.
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For reservoirs and lakes: Cast nets, gill nets, beach seines, stick-held seines, trap nets, scoop nets, hand lines, long lines
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For rivers: Cast nets, drag nets, stick-held seine nets, gill nets, lift nets, bag nets, dip nets, cover pots, traps, hook and lines and long lines..
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For estuaries, lagoons and back waters: Bag nets, bamboo screens or walls of netting, purse net, seine net, drag net, drift gill net, lift net, dip net, rod and lines
2. Gears according to their mobility
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Active nets: These are moved by man-powers (group of persons) or machine power to encircle the shoal of fish and bring them to shore (bank). In active netting, the floats and sinkers are so adjusted as to keep the two ends of the net stretched apart during the entire operation. They include drag nets, bag nets, seine nets, trawls, purse seines, cast nets, scoop nets, movable traps, hook and line (angling).
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Passive nets: These remain stationary at a place and the fish moving around are caught or gilled. The net is either set at the bottom with the help of anchors and stakes (stake net), or suspended at intermediate depths with the help of drop-lines from larger buoys at the surface or suspended near the surface by its own float line, but the net is attached by means of ropes to larger sinkers at the bottom. They include various kinds of gill nets, ‘trammel’ nets, hook and line.
3. Gears according to the depth of operation
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Surface – Surface gill net, surface trawl net
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Mid-water – Mid-water / column gill net, mid-water / column trawl net
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Bottom - Bottom gill net, bottom trawl net
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