Farm Power & Machinery

The different parts of the forced circulation method

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• The different parts of the forced circulation method are explained below:

a. Radiator
The radiator transfers the heat absorbed by the water to the surrounding air. The radiator is flat and rectangular in shape as shown in plate 5.2. It consists of tubes which are made of copper or aluminum alloy. These tubes expose large surface area to the air stream. Fins are attached to these tubes. These fins improve the effectiveness of air convection heat dissipation.

Plate : 5.2 Radiator

b. Cooling fan
A fan (Plate 5.3) is positioned between the radiator and the engine and is driven by engine crankshaft. Fan is to increase the normal air movement across the radiator core tubes. The resultant air movement will provide a continuous air stream over the tubes and fins to dissipate the heat from the hot water which is circulated.

Plate : 5.3 Cooling fan
(Courtesy: http://www.2carpros.com)

C. Thermostat
The function of the thermostat is to regulate heat dissipation by controlling the rate of water flow through the radiator. Normally engines are designed to operate most efficiently over a temperature range between 80º C and 100ºC. Thermostat (Plate 5.4) is placed in the outlet of cooling water from the engine. The thermostat has a valve, which opens only when the normal operating temperature of about 60ºC is reaches by the water. The water flows from engine to upper part of the radiator through thermostat.

Plate : 5.4 Thermostat
(Courtesy: http://blog.autowarranties.com)

d. Water Pump
A centrifugal pump is used to speed up the rate of water circulation in the cooling system.