- Creatinine, urea, urea:creatinine, carb-Hb, Ca, P, Na, K, osmolality, acid-base balance, albumin, total protein & electrophoresis, PTH, AT III, AVP
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PCV (Ht), reticulocytes, leucocytes and differentiation
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Physical properties, USG (urine specific gravity), osmolality, pH, Hb, glucose, protein:creatinine, AP: creatinine, urinary sediment, urinary culture (or culture pelvic fluid), fractional sodium excretion
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Ultrasonography (real-time, power-Doppler), retrograde and IV contrast, radioisotope renography, (plain X-rays)
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Inulin, radioisotopes (DTPA, EDTA, MAG III), iohexol
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