Veterinary Clinical Medicine-I (General and Systemic)

CLINICAL SIGNS AND DIAGNOSIS

Dogs with acute bacterial prostatitis 

• Systemically ill
• Depressed
• Febrile
• The prostate gland is tender on palpation.

Dogs with prostatic abscess

• Signs similar to those with acute bacterial prostatitis and prostatomegaly.
• These dogs may have extremes of signs—they can be asymptomatic or be in septic shock; Prostatic abscess impinges on the urethra and causes stranguria.

Differential Diagnosis

• Benign prostatic hypertrophy
• Neoplasia
• Prostatic cysts
• Periprostatic or perirectal masses or cysts
• Large intestinal disease

Investigations

• Chronic bacterial prostatitis—hematuria, pyuria, and bacteriuria
• Acute bacterial prostatitis—pyuria and bacteriuria ± hematuria; neutrophilic leukocytosis ± left shift and neutrophil toxicity
• Abscess—pyuria and bacteriuria, ± hematuria; neutrophilic leukocytosis with a regenerative left shift, high ALP and bilirubin, and hypoglycemia 
• Prostatic fluid evaluation by cytologic examination and bacterial culture --diagnosis of bacterial prostatitis.
• Ultrasonographic evaluation- differentiate cavitary (i.e., abscess) from non cavitary (i.e., acute bacterial prostatitis and chronic bacterial prostatitis) bacterial prostatic diseases noninvasively.

Diagnostic procedures

• Use prostatic wash techniques
• Examination of an ultrasound-guided, fine-needle aspiration of a cystic region in the prostate .
• In dogs with prostatic abscess that are not systemically ill—a preoperative cystometrogram