Achievements: Synthetic varieties and Composite varieties

Achievements: Synthetic varieties and Composite varieties
Achievements: Synthetic varieties
  • Synthetic varieties have been developed in cross pollinated crops like cauliflower, cabbage, beet root, onion and carrot and several other crops in USA.
  • In India, synthetic varieties have been developed in pearmillet at ICRISAT. and in sugar beet at pantnagar university.
  • Cauliflower synthetic 3 has been developed.
Achievements: Composite varieties
  • In India, the first composite varieties were released in 1967: the six maize composites were, Ambar, Jawahar, Kisan, Vikram, Sona and Vijay. Subsequently, a number of other composites have been released by both the central and provincial variety release committees.
  • At present, there are more than 25 maize composites recommended for cultivation in the various parts of country.
  • These composites range from those based on local materials (Makki Safed 1 and Moti), through those involving both Indian and exotic sources (Mansar, Chandan3, Diara Composite etc) to those developed from exotic lines only (Chandan Safed 2, Amber Pop, Chandan 1 etc).
  • Some of the composites involves as many as 18 (composite C1) or even 22 (Agaity 76) lines, while certain others involve only two (Jawahar, Kisan, Sona) or even one (Chandan Safed 2, A-de-Cuba) populations.
  • Some of the recently released maize composites are: Co 1 (full season, resistant to downy mildew), NLD (full season, white seeded), Renuka (very early), Kanchan (very early), and Diara 3 (developed by three cycles of full-sib selection in Diara Composite).
  • These composites yield as much as 90 per cent of the best hybrid varieties.
  • Three opaque 2 composties, viz., Shakti, Ratan and Protina, have been released.
  • They have twice the amount of lysine and tryptophan as compared to the normal maize hybrids and composites.
  • Thus the nutritional value of these composites is superior to the other composites and hybrids.
  • A composite variety, Composite I, has been evolved in Brassica campestris var. toria.
  • It was developed by compositing 10 elite toria strains; it matures in 100 days, exhibits profuse branching, yields about 11 q/ha of seed, which contain about 40% oil.


Last modified: Monday, 30 January 2012, 4:34 PM