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Radio Broadcasting
The earliest radio stations were simply radiotelegraphy systems and did not carry audio. The first claimed audio transmission that could be termed a broadcast occurred on Christmas Eve in 1906, and was made by Reginald Fessenden. Whether this broadcast actually took place is disputed. While many early experimenters attempted to create systems similar to radiotelephone devices where only two parties were meant to communicate, there were others who intended to transmit to larger audiences. Charles Herrold started broadcasting in California in 1909 and was carrying audio by the next year. Herrold's station eventually became KCBS
Amateur radio which is also called as ham radio is a form of radio broadcasting that is the private use of designated radio bands, for purposes of private recreation,non-commercial exchange of messages, experimentation, self-training, and emergency communication
Types of radio broadcasting
Broadcasting by radio takes several forms. These include AM and FM stations. There are several subtypes, namely commercial broadcasting, non-commercial educational (NCE) public broadcasting and non-profit varieties as well as community radio, student-run campus radio stations and hospital radio stations can be found throughout the world.
Many stations broadcast on shortwave bands using AM technology that can be received over thousands of miles (especially at night). For example, the BBC, VOA, VOR, and Deutsche Welle have transmitted via shortwave to Africa and Asia. These broadcasts are very sensitive to atmospheric conditions and solar activity.
Arbitron, the United States-based company that reports on radio audiences, defines a "radio station" as a government-licensed AM or FM station; an HD Radio (primary or multicast) station; an internet stream of an existing government-licensed station; one of the satellite radio channels from XM Satellite Radio or Sirius Satellite Radio; or, potentially, a station that is not government licensed
Frequency Modulation (FM) Broadcast:
In FM radio signals from transmitting station travel into space without hindrance. There is no reflection of signals by the upper atmosphere. It is just sufficient that the reception set is within the area of the station. It is often called FM radio station. Some stations are referred to as clear channel stations, which refer to powerful station broadcasting to wide area without any interference.
It is essentially a local channel with a reach of 70 km radius from the place of transmission. Owing to its crystal clear reception it has traditionally been used for broadcasting music, often intercepted with 109al news and weather forecasts. FM was introduced in 1977 but it was not really activated. It was activated il1 1992:.the hours of FM broadcast increased from 6 to 12 hours a day. All Metros Delhi, Bombay, Calcutta and Madras- have a 24 hours FM service.
FM has chatty, interactive style of programming and thus radio substitutes as a friend. This is the key to the comeback of radio. The local music talents, who have earlier been6'holly dependent on music festivals and new year parties now have FM to turn to for promotional help it brings local artists to the fore. Thus, with FM, radio has scope for its growth as a powerful medium.
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