Site pages
Current course
Participants
General
Topic 1
Topic 2
Topic 3
Topic 4
Topic 5
Topic 6
Topic 7
Topic 8
Topic 9
Topic 10
Topic 11
Topic 12
Topic 13
Topic 14
Topic 15
Topic 16
Topic 17
Topic 18
Topic 19
Topic 20
Topic 21
Topic 22
Topic 23
Topic 24
Topic 25
Topic 26
Topic 27
Topic 28
Topic 29
Topic 30
Topic 31
Topic 32
Topic 33
Topic 34
Topic 35
Topic 36
Topic 37
Topic 38
Topic 39
Topic 40
1.2.9 Types
1. Holotype or typeThe single specimen designated or indicated as ‘the type’ by the original author at the time of publication of the original description. 2. SyntypeIf there is no holotype, then all the specimens of the type series are syntypes. Syntypes may include specimens not seen by the author but were based upon previously published description or figures upon which he founded his taxon in whole or in part. 3. ParatypeAfter the holotype has been labelled, the remaining specimens of the type should be labelled as ‘paratype’ in order to clearly identify the components of the original type series. 4. LectotypeIt is one of the series of syntypes. Selection of lectotype should be undertaken only by a specialist during revision work. It should never be done merely in order to add a type specimen to the collection. If the description of a species is clearly based on particular specimen, that specimen should be made the lectotype. 5. NeotypeA specimen selected on type subsequent to the original description in cases where the original types are known to be destroyed and were suppressed by the commission. 6. AllotypeA paratype of opposite sex to the holotype. 7. TopotypeSpecimen from the type locality collected there subsequent to the original description. 8. Paratopotype or IsotypeA specimen other than holotype taken at the same place as the holotype and included in the original description. |