Fish Nutrition and Feed Technology (2+1)

Unit 12 - Feed additives

12.4.Pigments
Carotenoids are the most important classes of pigments for fish and crustaceans. Canthaxanthin and astaxanthin add colour to the flesh and eggs. High-value culture species such as salmon and red sea bream do not have the ability to convert xanthophylls to carotenoids, and therefore must receive these pigments in their diets. Carotenoid supplementation is provided to these species by adding natural material containing the specific pigments such as paprika, krill products and processing waste of shrimp and crab.