ANN 111: Principles of Animal Nutrition and Feed Technology (2+1)

REQUIREMENT AND SUPPLEMENTATION

Requirement

• Lactating Cow : 1733 mg / kg feed
• Calf    : 1000 mg / kg feed
• Pig     : 900 mg / kg feed
• Piglet : 250 mg / kg feed
• Poultry
• Broiler : 1300 mg / kg feed
• Layer   : 500 mg / kg feed
• The choline requirement of animals is unusually large for the vitamin, but in spite of this, deficiency symptoms are not common in farm animals because of its wide distribution, its high concentrations in foods and because it can be readily derived from methionine.

Supplementation

• Green leafy materials, yeast, egg yolk and cereals are rich sources of choline.