Formulation of rations for cattle and buffaloes for different functions
FORMULATION OF RATIONS FOR CATTLE AND BUFFALOES FOR DIFFERENT FUNCTIONS
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Aim
Requirements /font>
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Information about the type of animal, body wt., physiological status etc.
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Feeding standards (commonly followed is ICAR, 1998)
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Feedstuffs to be used with their nutritive values.
Procedure /font>
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Find out the total requirements of the animal in terms of DM, DCP and TDN depending upon the physiological status (pregnancy, lactation, growth, work
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By trial and error method, find out the amount of green and dry fodder that should be offered to meet the nutrient requirements of the animal taking into consideration their availability.
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Calculate the amount of DM, DCP and TDN supplied through green and dry fodder.
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Now, subtract the amount of nutrients supplied through green and dry fodder from the total requirements of the animal to find out the balance of nutrients to be supplied through concentrates.
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Finally, calculate the amount of concentrate mixture to be offered to the animal to meet the balance of nutrients. etc., from the feeding standards (ICAR, 1998).
Note:
Example
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Formulate a ration for a buffalo weighing 500 kg yielding 10 kg of milk/day with 7 % butterfat and in Generally, rations are first formulated for one nutrient (say DCP) and then, the other nutrients (say TDN) are checked to see whether the feedstuffs used will meet the requirement or whether alternative feeds need to be included in the ration. 43 1st lactation using the following feedstuffs.
Feedstuff
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DM
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DCP
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TDN
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NB-21 fodder
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25
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1
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>16
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Paddy straw
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90
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0
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40
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Concentrate mixture
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90
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16
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70
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Solution
1. Calculation of nutrient requirements of the animal
Requirements
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DM(kg)
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DCP(kg) /font>
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TDN (kg)
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For maintenance
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12.5 - 15.0
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0.30
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3.70
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For production
(10kg with 7% fat)
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-
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0.63
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4.60
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Growth allowance
(20 % - 1 st lactation)
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-
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0.06
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0.74
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Total requirements
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0.99
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9.04
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2. Finding out the amount of nutrients supplied by green and dry fodder
Feedstuff
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Amount on
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DCP(kg)
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TDN (kg)
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Fresh basis
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Dry basis
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NB-21 fodder
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20
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5.0
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0.2
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Paddy straw
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6
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5.4
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0.0
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Total quantity
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26
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10.4
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0.2
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3. Balance of nutrients to be supplied thru concentrate mixture supplied thru
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DM(kg)
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DCP (kg)
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TDN (kg)
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Total requirement
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15.0
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0.99
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9.04
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Green & dry fodder
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10.4
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0.20
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5.60
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To be supplied thru conc.
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4.60
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0.79
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3.44
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4. Amount of concentrate mixture required to meet the DCP requirement
Amount of DCP to be supplied thru concentrates = 0.79 kg
Amount of DCP present in the concentrate mix = 16 %
0.79
No. of kg of concentrate mixture = ------ x 100 = 4.9375 kg.
16
5. Amount of TDN supplied through concentrate mixture
/font>
Amount of TDN present in the concentrate mix = 70 %
Amount of concentrate mixture to be offered = 4.9375 kg
4.9375
Amount of TDN supplied thru conc. mix = --------- x 70 = 3.456 kg
100
6. Verification
Nutrients supplied
through /font>
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DM
(kg) /font>
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DCP
(kg) /font>
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TDN
(kg) /font>
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NB-21 green fodder
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5.00
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0.20
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3.200
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Paddy straw
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5.40
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0.00
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2.400
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Concentrate mixture
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4.44
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0.79
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3.456
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Total /font>
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14.84 /font>
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0.99 /font>
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9.056 /font>
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Actual requirement /i>
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12.5 – 15.0 /i>
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0.99 /i>
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9.040 /i>
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Last modified: Wednesday, 4 April 2012, 4:22 AM