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Soil
Soil |
Soil
Hilgard (1892): Soil is more or less loose and friable material in which plants , by means of their roots , find a foothold for nourishment as well as for other conditions of growth. Dokuchaiev (1900): Father of soil science- Soil as a natural body composed of mineral and organic constituents, having a definite genesis and a distinct nature of its own. Joffe (1936): Soil is a natural body of mineral and organic constituents differentiated into horizons of variable depth, which differs from the material below in morphology, physical makeup, chemical properties and composition and biological characteristics”. Jenny (1941): Soil is a naturally occurring body that has been evolved due to combined influence of climate and living organisms acting on parent material as conditioned by relief over a period of time . Simonson (1957): The soil is three dimensional body having length, breadth and depth which form a continuum over the land surface and differ gradually from place to place. Soil Science Society of America (1970): (i) The unconsolidated mineral material on the immediate surface of the earth that serves as a natural medium for the growth of plants (ii) Soil is the unconsolidated mineral matter on the surface of the earth that has been subjected to and influenced by genetic and environmental factors viz. parent material, climate, macro and microorganisms and topography, all affecting over a period of time and producing a product, that is “SOIL” that differs from the material from which it is derived in physical, chemical, biological and morphological properties and characteristics. |
Last modified: Thursday, 21 June 2012, 9:57 AM