VPE 511: Environment and Environmental Hygiene (2+1)

TYPES OF ENVIRONMENT

• There are two types of environment. The first one in Natural Environment and the other one is Man-made Environment.
• Natural Environment: The natural environment comprises
  • Atmosphere (500kms above the surface of earth),
  • Hydrosphere (surface and ground water resources on earth’s crust),
  • Lithosphere (earth’s crust which includes rocks and soil)
  • Biosphere (region where life exists on earth-between 10,000 m below sea level and 6,000 m above sea level).
• Man-made Environment: The man made environment comprises
  • Human groups (religious and communities).
  • Material infrastructure built by man (rural and urban settlements, railways, roads etc.).
  • Production relationships (factors of production-primary, secondary and tertiary activities).
  • Institutional systems (education, commercial and marketing).