VGO 511: Veterinary Andrology and Reproductive Techniques (1+1)

INTRODUCTION

• In Artificial Insemination (AI) programme, semen from a few bulls is used to cover a large number of cows over an extensive area.
• Since these bulls are the mainstay of entire operation, presence of questionable or unsatisfactory bulls would affect the entire cattle development operation.
• The emphasis should be not only on elimination of bulls with questionable potential or unsatisfactory bulls but also on identification of bulls with potential to produce more semen.
• A regular Breeding Soundness Examination (BSE) of breeding bulls is required for the following reasons.
  • A significant number of bulls used for breeding either in AI programme or in natural service are infertile, sub fertile or unable to copulate.
  • Evaluation of breeding soundness of a bull by crossing with fertile cows is time consuming and expensive.
• The breeding soundness examination should be conducted by a trained and experienced professional in order to obtain reliable and repeatable results.
• Interpretation of results requires knowledge of animal health and physical status, a careful examination of libido, reproductive system and an examination of semen.
  • A veterinarian who is experienced and competent should conduct the examination.
  • A general evaluation of the bull should be conducted including historical information and observation of locomotion in the unrestrained bull.
  • The bull's external reproductive genitalia should be thoroughly examined and scrotal circumference should be recorded.
  • A seminal ejaculate should be collected and evaluated.
  • A signed report should be prepared defining the standard results.
• BSE should include attention to libido, mating ability and the semen characteristics that are valid as predictors of fertility.
• It is as important to evaluate physical condition and general health, which affect mating ability, as it is to evaluate the genital system.

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