Lesson 3. EXOTIC BREEDS OF CATTLE (PART-2)
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Introduction
The exotic cattle breeds belong to the group Taurus. They have got certain distinctive characteristics in comparison with indigenous cattle. They are high milk produces, they hapless cattle. Though high producer they can’t with stand high temperature. Many exotic cattle breeds were brought to India for cross breeding and upgrading purpose to improve milk production potentiality in our cattle. The important exotic cattle breeds were Holstein-Frisian, Jersey, Brown-Swiss, Guernsey, Red Dane etc.
Exotic Breeds of Cattle
Holstein – Friesian
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World’s heaviest cattle breed highest milk producer
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Origin
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Holland
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Horns
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Medium sized
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Ears
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Small, erect
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Head / Neck
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Proportionate to body
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Withers
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sharp
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Angularity of body
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Conspicuous
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Barrel
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Lengthy, Voluminous
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Udder
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Capacious with medium sized teats
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Color
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Black over white patches
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Switch of tail
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White
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Age at maturity
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1 year
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Age at first calving
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24 to 45 months
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Milk yield
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6000 kg / lactation (Used for cheese making)
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Calving interval
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13 months
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Fat %
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3 to 3.5
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Jersey
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Smallest of European breeds
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Origin Jersey Island in English Channel
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Resistance to
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high temperature and humadity
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Face
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Double dished
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Head
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Small
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Ears
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Erect
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Color
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Fawn
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Withers
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Sharp
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Angularity of body
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Present
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Udder
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Large, Capacious
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Teats
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Well placed and medium sized
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Tail
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Long
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Switch of tail
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Black
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Legs
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Strong, straight, sufficient width
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Milk yield
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4000 to 5000 kg / lactation
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Fat %
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4 to 4.5
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Age at first calving
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25 to 26 months
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Calving interval
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1 year
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Body weight
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550 kg (male)
400 to 450 kg (female)
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Brown Swiss:
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Second heaviest breed after Holstein Freisien
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Dual purpose breed
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Docile animal and also fleshy
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Body
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Large sized
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Head
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Short
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Neck
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Lean
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Head and Neck
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Proportionate to body
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Back, loin, croup
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Leveled
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Color
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Different shades of brown, grey
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Withers
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Rounded
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Udder
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Large, Capacious
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Milk yield
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5000 kg / lactation with 4% butter fat
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Age at first calving
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27 months
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Calving interval
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1 year
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Fat%
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5
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Body weight
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600 to 700 kg (male)
500 to 600 kg (female)
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Ayrshire
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Origin
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Scotland
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Large animal and active
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Color
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Reddish spots over white color
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Withers
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sharp
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Rump, croup
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Wide
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Tail
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Up to hock
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Switch of tail
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White
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Angularity of body
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Present
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Horns
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Medium sized, curving upward
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Udder
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Large capacious
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Milk yield
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4600 kg/ lactation
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Fat %
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3.5 to 4
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Age at first calving
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26 to 27 months
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Calving interval
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13 months
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Body weight
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450-500kg (male)
400-450kg (female)
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Gurunsey
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Origin
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Gurunsey island
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Color of milk
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Golden yellow because of presence of carotene
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Color
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Brown with white patches
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Switch of tail
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White
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Angularity
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Present
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Milk yield
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4000 to 5000 kg / lactation
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Age at first calving
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26 to 27 months
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Last modified: Tuesday, 9 October 2012, 10:10 AM
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