Elementary plant Biochemistry and Biotechnology (2+1)

A complete, catalytically active enzyme together with its coenzyme and/or metal ions is called holoenzyme

•The protein part of an enzyme is called apoenzyme or apoprotein.
•Enzymes require an additional non-protein component to carry out its catalytic functions.
•Generally these non-protein components are called as cofactors.
•The cofactors may be either one or more inorganic ions such as Fe2+, Mg2+, Mn2+ and Zn2+ or a complex organic molecules called coenzymes.
•A coenzyme or metal ion that is covalently bound to the enzyme protein is called prosthetic group.
•Some enzymes require both coenzyme and one or more metal ions for their activity
•Coenzymes function as transient carriers of specific functional groups