Biotransformation

Biotransformation

    • Modification of an exogenous compound by plant cells (or other biological organisms) is called biotransformation or bioconversion. These reactions (esterification, oxidation, reduction, hydroxylation and glycosilation etc.,) are catalyzed by enzymes present in the plant cells. For example, cell cultures of Datura innoxia, Catharanthus roseus, Rauwolfia serpentina biotransform hydroquinone into its β-D-glucoside called arbutin. Arbutin is an efficient suppressor of melanin biosynthesis in human skin and so used in cosmetics.
    Table 1. Selected examples of secondary metabolites produced by plant species.
    Compound Class of compound Plant species Yield (g/l) Use of the compound
    Shikonin Napthoquinones Lithospermum erythrorhizon 4 Antiseptic; dye for silk and cosmetics
    Berberine Alkaloid Coptis japonica 7 Antibacterial and anti-inflammatory
    Taxol Diterpene alkaloid Taxus spp. - Breast and ovarian cancer treatment
    Ajmalicin Alkaloid (indole alkaloid) Catharanthus roseus 2 Antileukaemic

Last modified: Thursday, 29 March 2012, 6:48 PM