- S-VHS Video: S-VHS (Super VHS) is an improved version of the VHS standard for consumer video cassette recorders. It was introduced by JVC in Japan in April 1987 with the HR-S7000 VCR and certain overseas markets soon afterwards. In S-VHS video, color and luminance information are kept on two separate tracks. The result is a definite improvement in picture quality. This standard is also used in Hi-8. still, if your ultimate goal is to have your project accepted by broadcast stations, this would not be the best choice.
- Component (YUV) In the early 1980s, Sony began to experiment with a new portable professional video format based on Betamax. Panasonic has developed their own standard based on a similar technology, called “MII,” Betacam SP has become the industry standard for professional video field recording.
Hardware:
S-VHS VCRs and cassette tapes are nearly identical in appearance and operation but backward compatible with VHS tapes and recordings. Older VHS VCRs cannot playback S-VHS recordings at all but can record to an S-VHS tape in the VHS format.
Many newer VHS VCRs offer a feature called S-VHS quasi-playback or "Super Quasi-Play Back"; (SQPB). SQPB allows VHS players to view (but not record) S-VHS recordings, though reduced to VHS-quality. This feature is useful for viewing S-VHS-C camcorder tapes.
Later model S-VHS VCRs offer a recording option called S-VHS ET. S-VHS ET is a further modification of the VHS standards to permit near S-VHS quality recordings on the more common and inexpensive VHS tapes. The S-VHS ET recordings can be viewed in most VHS SQPB VCRs and S-VHS VCRs.
Software:
For the best recordings and playback, an S-VHS VCR requires S-VHS videotape, which has a different oxide media formulation for higher magnetic coercivity and identified by of a hole in the underside of the cassette body (similar to how compact cassette use notches to distinguish different tape formulations).
Applications such as videoshop, Premiere, Final Cut Pro, and iMovie provide this capability.
Digital Video: Full integration of digital video in cameras and on computers eliminates the analog television form of video, from both the multimedia production and the delivery platform. If your video camera generates a digital output signal, you can record your video direct-to-disk, where it is ready for editing.
If a video clip is stored as data on a hard disk, CD-ROM, or other mass-storage device, that clip can be played back on a computer's monitor without special hardware.
Setting up a production environment for making digital video, however, does require hardware that meets minimum specifications for processing speed, data transfer, and storage.
There are many considerations to keep in mind when setting up your production environment:
- Computer with FireWire connection and cables.
- Fast processor(s).
- Plenty of RAM.
- Fast and big hard disk for storing DV(digital video) data streams of raw video footage from a camera at DV's fixed transfer rate of 3.6 MBps. Your hard disk should support a transfer rate of about 8 MBps and have enough space free. Then multiply that times five to allow for editing! Removable media such as Zip and CD-RW will not work.
- Second display to allow for more real estate for your editing software.
- Audio mixture to adjust sound output from the camcorder.
- External speakers.
- Television monitor to vier your project.
- Nonlinear editing software.
Digital Video Resolution:
A video image is measured in pixels for digital video and scan lines for analog video. Television are capable of 1920x1080p60, also known as 1920 pixels per scan line by 1080 scan lines, progressive at 60 frames per second.
Advantages of Digital Video:
- Single-pass, analog-type impairments are non-cumulative if the signal stays digital. However, a concatenation of digital black boxes using analog interfaces leads to cumulative analog signal degradations and should be avoided.
- There is a reduced sensitivity to noise and interference.
- Digital equipment efficiently and economically performs tasks that are difficult or impossible to perform using analog technology.
- It is amenable to the application of techniques for efficient retention of essential information such as compression.
The Disadvantages of Digital Video:
- Analog-type of distortions, as well unique digital distortions related to sampling and quantizing, result in a variety of visible impairments.
- Wide bandwidth requirements for recording, distribution and transmission necessitate sophisticated bit-rate reduction and compression schemes to achieve manageable bandwidths.
- Unlike analog signals, the digital signals do not degrade gracefully and are subjected to a cliff effect.
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