Principles and Techniques of Veterinary and AH Extension

E-LEARNING

• E-learning is the effective learning process created by combining digitally delivered content with learning support services.
• E-learning consists of the transfer of skills and knowledge using electronic applications and processes.This may include Web-based learning, computer-based learning, virtual classrooms, and digital collaboration, use of audio or video recording,satellite or land-based broadcasts, CD-ROM, and even the phone system.
• E-Learning can be broadly defined as use of any electronic technology to create learning experiences.

Types of e-learning

• Learner-led e-learning
• Learner-led e-learning also called stand-alone or self-directed e-learning consist of the delivery of learning experiences to independent learners. The learners then lead/manage their own learning. Content may consist of web pages,multimedia presentations, and computer applications; however, the majority of e-learning now makes use of the web.
• Facilitated e-learning
• Facilitated e-learning makes use of the capabilities of Learner-led e-learning and add the benefit of having an instructor guiding the learner. This require the use of e-mail, discussion forums, and chat capabilities depending on whether communication will be synchronous or entirely asynchronous.
• Instructor-led e-learning
• Instructor-led e-learning makes use of technology to deliver traditional classes real-time. This is done via the use of teleconferencing, audio conferencing, chat, audio graphic systems (screen-sharing and whiteboards), or even via the telephone.

Advantages of e-learning

1. Accommodate multiple learning styles through the use of media, text and even live technology mediated interactions.
2. Offer individualized instruction through assessment and remediation addressing the learners’ needs.
3. Provide self-paced instruction for learners wanting to move ahead or learners wanting extra practice.
4. Offer on-demand access to learning when needed. The learner determines when he/she wants to learn.
5. Allow collaborative learning so learners do not feel isolated and maximize learning.
6. Engages users with stimulating content and interactivity that teaches and reinforces.
7. Increase retention by using reinforcers more consistently than other approaches.
8. Increase consistency when the learning is captured and delivered by technology.
9. Reduce learning time
10. Track learners and provide proof of their work and skill development.

Limitations of e-learning

1. High initial investment
• E-learning is a capital intensive endeavor and its costs are often underestimated.
2. Reduced face to face interactions
• E-learning can be isolating if care is not taken to balance the learning modalities. While adultlearners can often adapt, young or traditional age learners should have abalanced learning approach with enough interaction.
3. Dependency on technology
• Technology can be a blessing or a curse as it requires resourced, a certain know-how from the learner, and maintenance.
4. Inappropriate match of technology, content, objectives, and approach
• Appropriate instruction requires a four way match between the technology, the nature of the content and how it is presented, the objectives that must lend themselves to the medium, and the approach taken to produce learning. If any of these fails e-Learning is suboptimal.