Different Methods of Biopsy

DIFFERENT METHODS OF BIOPSY

  • Final needle aspiraton biopsy
  • Punch biopsy
  • Incisional biopsy
  • Excisional biopsy

FINE NEEDLE ASPIRATION BIOPSY

  • Procedure
    • Fine needle aspiration biopsy can be performed using 23-25 G needle with 5 -20 ml syringe.
    • A dry needle attached tightly to the syringe is inserted into the surface lesion/lymph node enlargement (Tumour mass/lymph node).
    • The cellular mass and tissue fluids are aspirated and smears prepared immediately on glass slide are either wet fixed in absolute alcohol or dry fixed.
  • Precaution
    • Both syringe and needle should be absolutely dry, since a small quantity of fluid may cause cellular distortion and artifacts.
  • Application
    • To evaluate inflammation, hyperplasia and primary or metastatic tumour cells and diagnose theileriosis (Koch’s blue bodies can be seen by Leishman’s staining). 

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PUNCH BIOPSY

A core of tissue is procured by punching with a special needle.

  • Application
    • Most commonly used for externally palpable mass.
  • Instrument needed
    • True cut needle / Franklin modified Vim- Silver-Mann needle.

INCISIONAL BIOPSY

  • Principle
    • A small portion of a lesion is surgically removed.
  • Application
    • Preferred method for ulcerated and necrotic lesions and skin lesions.

EXCISIONAL BIOPSY

  • Method
    • Removal of a relatively large specimen of tissues.
  • Advantages
    • Both treatment and diagnosis are incorporated. 
    • This method permits examination by conventional cytological  and histological methods.
  • Application
    • Excisional biopsy is useful in case of skin lesions and tumours.

PROCESSING OF SPECIMEN

  • Blot the specimen to remove excess blood. 
  • Make impression smears for cytological examination. 
  • Submit a portion of tissue for cultural examination.
  • Press gently the other portion on a piece of blotting paper to flatten and  orient the tissue for histopathologic examination. 
  • Place the tissue with the paper in 10% neutral formalin. 
  • Process the tissue by routine paraffin embedding technique. 
  • Cut sections of 5 µm thickness and stain with Haematoxylin and Eosin.
Last modified: Saturday, 24 September 2011, 7:30 AM