-
Total livestock population of the State which stood at 307.59 lakhs in 2007 had increased by 1.01 per cent when compared to the previous 2004 census.
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However, the total livestock population in the State as per the provisional figures of the Livestock Census 2007 was at 307.59 lakhs, recording a marginal decline of 3.85 per cent over that of 1997 census.
-
The bovine (cattle and buffaloe) population in the State had witnessed a steady decline between 1982 and 2004.
-
While sheep population showed signs of variation, the goat population had steadily increased during the reference period.
-
The poultry population at 1281 lakhs in 2007 had recorded an increase of 48 per cent over the previous census.
-
The State ranks second in poultry population in the country and accounts for 17.7 per cent of the total poultry population in India. The details are given below.
Livestock Census: Tamil Nadu (Lakhs)
|
Year
|
Cattle
|
Buffaloe
|
Sheep
|
Goats
|
Others
|
Total
|
|
|
1982
|
103.66
(-4.03)
|
32.12
(4.35)
|
55.37
(4.69)
|
52.46
(24.85)
|
18.26
(135.31)
|
261.87
(8.45)
|
182.84
(27.44)
|
|
1989
|
93.53
(-9.77)
|
31.28
(-2.62)
|
58.81
(6.21)
|
59.20
(12.85)
|
20.85
(14.18)
|
263.66
(0.68)
|
215.70
(17.97)
|
|
1994
|
90.96
(-2.75)
|
29.31
(-6.30)
|
56.12
(-4.57)
|
58.65
(-0.93)
|
21.75
(4.32)
|
256.79
(-2.61)
|
238.54
(10.59)
|
|
1997
|
90.47
(-0.54)
|
27.41
(-6.48)
|
52.59
(-6.29)
|
64.16
(9.39)
|
24.76
(13.84)
|
259.39
(1.01)
|
365.11
(53.06)
|
|
2004
|
91.41
(1.03)
|
16.58
(-39.5)
|
55.93
(6.35)
|
81.77
(27.45)
|
3.73
--
|
249.42
(-3.85)
|
865.9
(137.16)
|
|
2004
|
91.41
(1.03)
|
16.58
(-39.5)
|
55.93
(6.35)
|
81.77
(27.45)
|
3.73
--
|
249.42
(-3.85)
|
865.9
(137.16)
|
|
2007
|
111.89
(22.00)
|
20.09
(21.00)
|
79.91
(43.00)
|
92.72
(13. 00)
|
2.95
(-21.00)
|
307.59
(23.00)
|
1281.08
(48.00)
|
-
As per 18th Quinquennial Livestock Census 2007, the cattle population is concentrated in 13 districts which together accounted for more than 60 per cent of the total cattle population in the State.
-
Of these districts, Villupuram topped the list and shared 9 per cent of the total cattle population followed by Salem (6.5%) and Vellore (5.5%).
-
Tamil Nadu Livestock Agency has brought all breeding activities under a single umbrella and artificial insemination programme is carried out effectively.
-
A decline in breedable population was noticed in 2007 Quinquennial Livestock Population – from 47.12 lakhs in 2001 to 41.17 lakhs in 2007 in respect of cattle and from 15.15 lakhs to 9.01 lakhs in case of buffaloes.
-
The share of exotic and crossbred cattle accounted for 62.9 per cent and that of indigenous and native pure worked out to 37.1 per cent of the total breedable cattle population of 41.17 lakhs.
-
Among buffaloe population the share of the murrah and graded was 32.08 per cent while indigenous buffaloes accounted for a higher share of 67.92 per cent.
Breedable Age Female Bovine Population(in Lakhs)
|
Category
|
1997
|
2001
|
2004
|
2007
|
|
Cattle
- Exotic and Cross
- Indigenous and
Native pure
|
12.61
32.02
|
18.78
28.34
|
25.89
15.28
|
48.09
|
|
Total
|
44.63
|
47.12
|
41.17
|
48.09
|
|
Buffaloe
- Murrah and Graded
- Indigenous
|
3.74
13.64
|
4.97
10.18
|
2.89
6.12
|
9.00
|
|
Total
|
17.38
|
15.15
|
9.01
|
5709
|
Milk Production and Per capita Availability
-
Sustained initiatives to augment the production potential of livestock and poultry and to increase the production of milk, egg and meat to cater to the increased demand were taken .
-
Milk production rose from 47.53 lakh tonnes in 2003-04 to 47.84 lakh tonnes in 2004-05 and to 54.74 lakh tonnes in 2005-06.
-
The State's share in total milk production at the All India level was 5.38 per cent in 2004-05.
-
The per capita availability of milk per day which witnessed a marginal increase from 209 gms, in 2003-04 to 210 gms. In 2004-05 improved further to 234 gms in 2005-06.
-
Tamil Nadu Cooperative Milk Producer's Federation procured milk through a chain of Primary Cooperative Societies numbering 7431 in 2004-05 and 7701 in 2005-06 in the State.
Figure 1
-
The milk production by societies rose by 5.6 per cent from 23.96 lakh litres per day (LLPD) in 2004-05 to 25.09 LLPD in 2005-06.
-
The procurement price per litre of buffaloe milk and cow milk was at Rs.22.00 and Rs.20.00respectively.
-
These societies procured more than 35 per cent of the total milk produced in the State. The quantity of milk sold had improved from 20.53 LLPD in 2004-05 to 21.59 LLPD in 2005-06 Milk Production (lakh tonnes).
Milk Production and Availability
|
Year
|
Tamil Nadu
|
All India
|
% Share of
Tamil Nadu
|
Percapita availability
(gms. per day)
|
|
(Lakhs tones)
|
|
Tamil Nadu
|
All India
|
|
2003 - 04
|
47.53(2.8)
|
881 (1.6)
|
5.4
|
209(2.5 )
|
231(0.4)
|
|
2004 - 05
|
47.84(0.7)
|
907 (2.9)
|
5.3
|
210(0.5)
|
232(0.4)
|
|
2005 - 06
|
54.74(14.4)
|
-
|
-
|
234(11.4)
|
-
|
Per capita daily requirement 220 gram, (Figures in brackets indicates percentage change over the previous year)
Milk Yield
Average Yield Rate of Milk (Kgs., / Animal / day)
|
Breed
|
2004 - 05
|
2005 - 06
|
|
I. a.
|
Cows
Exotic and Cross Bred
|
6.244 (1.1)
|
6.272 (0.4)
|
|
b.
|
Indigenous
|
2.680 (0.6)
|
2.734 (2.0)
|
|
II
|
Buffaloes
|
4.200 (1.8)
|
4.161 (-) 0.9
|
|
(Figures in brackets indicates percentage change over the previous year)
|
-
Gains from the White Revolution is reflected in the steady increase in average yield during the period 2002-03 to 2005-06.
-
The breeding policy, animal health care and fodder development together contributed to this achievement.
-
Average daily yield of milk from exotic and crossbred cows had improved from 6.244 kgs. in 2004-05 to 6.272 kgs in 2005-06.
-
Average daily milk yield of indigenous cows rose from 2.680 kgs. in 2004-05 to 2.734 kgs in 2005-06. Thus, there had been an overall improvement in the yield rate of cows.
-
Average daily yield of milk from buffaloe marginally declined from 4.200 kgs in 2004-05 to 4.161 kgs. in 2005-06.
Veterinary Health Care - Veterinary Care Infrastructure
Animal Care Institutions (Nos.)
|
SI.No
|
Items
|
2006 - 07
|
|
I.
|
Veterinary Health Services
|
|
|
a.
|
Polyclinics
|
6
|
|
b.
|
Clinician Veterinary Units
|
22
|
|
c.
|
Mobile Veterinary Units
|
55
|
|
d.
|
Veterinary Hospitals
|
139
|
|
f.
|
Veterinary Dispensaries
|
1207
|
|
g.
|
Sub - Centres
|
1385
|
|
II
|
Animal Disease Intelligence Units
|
20
|
|
III
|
Cattle breeding and Fodder Development
|
20
|
|
IV
|
Institute of Veterinary Preventive Medicine
|
1
|
|
V
|
Poultry Disease Diagnostic Laboratory
|
2
|
|
VI
|
Artificial Insemination Centres
|
3177
|
|
VII
|
Frozen semen Production stations
|
3
|
|
VIII
|
Frozen Semen Banks
|
12
|
Animal Health Care Activities
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Livestock health care prevents loss of lives and helps to improve productivity.
-
Livestock Development Programmes like ‘Kalnadai Padhukappu Thittam’ is being implemented in the State.
-
Livestock rearers get proper medical facilities at their doorsteps. The number of animals treated in the State rose by 8.7 per cent from 186.15 lakhs in 2004-05 to 202.41 lakhs in 2005-06.
-
Vaccination and deworming done put together had increased from 426.60 lakhs in 2004-05 to 635.92 lakhs in 2005-06.
-
Veterinary health services like vaccination and deworming and breeding coverage like artificial insemination are provided to livestock in remote villages through Mobile Veterinary Units (55 Nos.) in the State.
The details of animal health care service provided are given below.
Animal Health Care Activities (lakh numbers)
|
SI.No.
|
Item
|
2004 - 05
|
2005 – 06
|
|
1
|
Animals treated
|
186.15
|
202.41
|
|
2
|
Vaccination done
|
344.22
|
449.91
|
|
3
|
Deworming done
|
82.38
|
186.01
|
|
4
|
Castration done
|
6.58
|
6.44
|
|
5
|
Artificial Insemination Performed
|
29.23
|
32.87
|
|
6
|
Calves born
|
11.09
|
11.40
|
|
Participants