Veterinary Epidemiology and Zoonosis

CLASSIFICATION OF ZOONOSES BASED ON NATURE OF RESERVOIRS

Anthropozoonoses

• Zoonotic diseases primarily transmitted from the lower vertebrate animals to human beings are called anthropozoonotic diseases.
  • Examples: Rabies (Lyssa virus), Anthrax (Bacillus anthracis), Brucellosis - Malta fever (Brucella abortus), Undulant fever or Mediterranean fever (Brucella melitensis).

Figure 1: Direction of spread of anthropozoonotic diseases

Zooanthroponoses

• Zoonotic diseases transmitted from human beings to the lower vertebrate animals are called zooanthroponotic diseases.
  • Examples: Amoebiosis (Entamoeba histolytica), Diphtheria infection 

 

Figure 2: Direction of spread of zooanthroponotic diseases

Amphixenoses

• Zoonotic diseases which may be transmitted in either direction, i.e., human beings to animals or animals to human beings called amphixenotic diseases.
  • Examples: Staphylococcal infection, Streptococcal infection

Figure 3: Direction of spread of amphixenotic diseases