Classification of zoonoses based on type of transmission

CLASSIFICATION OF ZOONOSES BASED ON TYPE OF TRANSMISSION

Skin, hide and hair-borne zoonoses

  • Infections which are transmitted by contact with skin, hide and hair of infected animals to human beings.
    • Example: Anthrax

Meat-borne zoonoses

  • Infections which are transmitted by contact or consumption of meat and meat products from infected animals to human beings.

Milk-borne zoonoses

Food-borne zoonoses

  • Infections which are transmitted through consumption of foods of animal origin or foods of plant origin contaminated with the secretions and or excretion of infected animals to human beings.
    • Examples: Salmonellosis, Streptococcosis, Staphylococcosis, Colibacillosis, Anthrax

Vector-borne zoonoses

  • Mechanical
    • Infectious pathogens are carried mechanically by invertebrate host and transmitted to the human beings.
    • Examples: Anthrax, Colibacillosis
  • Biological
    • Infectious pathogen undergoes some biological transformation before infecting the human.
      • Developmental: If essential development of the agent takes place in or on the vector. Example is Dirofilaria immitis in mosquitoes.
      • Propagative: If the agent multiplies in the vector before being injected into the host. Examples are plague, yellow fever.
      • Cyclo-propagative: If the agent undergoes development and multiplication in the vector before being injected into the host. Example is Trypanosoma cruzi in bugs.
  • Trans-ovarian
    • The infection may be transmitted in vectors vertically from one generation to the next generation before being injected into the host.
    • Examples: Rift valley fever, West Nile fever, Russian spring summer encephalitis

Trans_ovarian

  • Trans-stadial
    • The infection may be transmitted in vectors from stage to stage before being injected into the host.
Last modified: Wednesday, 16 May 2012, 6:27 AM