Veterinary Clinical Medicine-I (General and Systemic)

CLINICAL PATHOLOGY

CBC/Biochemistry/Urinalysis

• Neutrophilic leukocytosis occurs in patients with systemic infection.
• Albumin is low in patients with impaired liver synthesis, gastrointestinal loss, or renal loss.
• Cholesterol is low in patients with impaired liver synthesis

Liver Enzymes

• Low to normal in patients with impaired liver synthesis
• High in patients with liver inflammation, hyperadrenocorticism, gallbladder obstruction, and chronic passive congestion

Total and Direct Bilirubin

• Low to normal in patients with impaired liver synthesis
• High in patients with biliary obstruction caused by tumor, gallbladder distension, or obstruction

BUN and Creatinine

• High in patients with renal failure
• BUN low in patients with impaired liver synthesis or hyperadrenocorticism

Glucose- Low in patients with impaired liver synthesis

Other laboratory tests

• To detect proteinuria—urinary protein:creatinine ratio (normal < 0.5:1)